Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

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Chapter 22

• Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System

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Structure and function of the nervous system

• Central nervous system
• Peripheral nervous system
• Blood-brain barrier

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Bacterial diseases of the nervous system

• Meningitis

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Bacterial diseases of the nervous system

• Meningitis
• Haemophilus influenza
• Neisseria sp.
• Streptococcus pneumoniae

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Bacterial diseases of the nervous system

• Meningitis
• Listeriosis
• Tetanus
• Clostridium tetani
• Neurotoxin blocks relaxation signal to muscle
• Prevent with tetanus toxoid
• Treat symptoms with antitoxin

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Bacterial diseases of the nervous system

• Meningitis
• Listeriosis
• Tetanus
• Botulism
• Clostridium botulinum
• Neurotoxin blocks release of acetylcholine
• Infant botulism
• Wound botulism

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Bacterial diseases of the nervous system

• Meningitis
• Listeriosis
• Tetanus
• Botulism
• Leprosy
• Mycobacterium leprae

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Viral diseases of the nervous system

• Polio
• Higher incidence in summer
• Virus has high affinity for motor nerves
• Salk vaccine in 1954
• Sabin vaccine in 1963

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Viral diseases of the nervous system

• Polio
• Rabies
• Virus multiplies in PNS and migrates to CNS
• Long incubation period
• Furious rabies
• Paralytic rabies
• Prevention
• Vaccination

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Viral diseases of the nervous system

• Polio
• Rabies
• Arboviral encephalitis
• Transmitted by mosquitoes
• Disease can result in permanent neurological
  damage
• Prevent by controlling vectors

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Prion diseases of the nervous system

• Sheep scrapie
• Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
• Bovine spongioform encephalopathy

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