First Aid Procedures

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First Aid Procedures

• Evan Roberts 8E

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Contents

• ..DRABC
• ....EAR
• ..Shock
• ..Bleeding
• ...Burns
• .Broken Leg
• ...Head Injuries

• Poisoning
• ...Snake Bite
• Spider Bite
• First Aid Kits

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DRABC

• To you
• To others
• To the casualty

• Danger
• Response
• Airway
• Breathing
• Circulation

• Is casualty conscious?
• Is casualty unconscious?

• Is chest rising and falling?
• Can you hear the casualtybreathing?
• Can you feel the breath onyour cheek?

• Is airway clear?
• Is airway blocked?

• Can you feel a pulse?
• Can you see any obvious lifesigns?

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EAR
Expired Air Resuscitation
-check pulse at neck or wrist -If pulse absent,
commence CPR -if pulse is there, continue EAR at
15 breaths per minute -check pulse and look for
other signs of recovery about every minute

• Clear airway
• Open airway
• Give EAR
• Check for pulse
• Place casualty in recovery position

• Place casualty in recovery position
• Lift chin and open mouth
• Use finger to remove any obvious obstruction
• Tilt head back gently
• Check for breathing for up to 10 seconds

-Take a full breath and place lips on
casualtys mouth (ensure good seal) -Blow
steadily into mouth for 1.5-2 seconds -watch for
chest to rise -take mouth away and watch for
chest to fall -take another breath and repeat
sequence To give 2 effective breathes
-Turn casualty onto back -Gently tilt head
back -Pinch nose closed (use thumb and index
finger) -open mouth and maintain chin lift
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Shock
5-Dress any burns or wounds 6-Immobilise any
fractures 7-Loosen any tight clothing 8-Cover
casualty with blanket to maintain body
temperature but not the face 9-If the casualty is
thirsty, moisten lips but do not give the
casualty food or water. 10-Monitor and record
breathing and pulse at regular intervals
Symptoms The symptoms of shock are -pale face,
fingernails and lips -cold, clammy
skin -dizziness, loss of strength -nausea -anxiety
Shock is when the circulatory system fails and
not enough oxygen gets to vital organs and they
malfunction. This triggers a series of responses
that leads to the condition called shock.
Severe Symptoms -restlessness -thirst -weak rapid
pulse -rapid breathing -drowsiness, confusion
or unconsciousness -extremities become a blueish
colour
Treatment 1-Follow DRABC and control severe
bleeding
11-Maintain a clear and open airway 12-Place
casualty in recovery position if there is
breathing difficulty, vomiting is likely or if
the casualty looses consciousness
2- Reassure the casualty
3-Call 000 for ambulance
4- Raise the casualtys legs (unless fractured)
above the level of the heart
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Bleeding
There are 3 types of bleeding Arterial blood is
the red, oxygen rich blood that is
under pressure so when you get cut it spurts
out. Venous blood is dark red blood that is
oxygen deficient and is under less pressure so it
flows from a wound without spurting. Capillary
bleeding is the most common form of bleeding and
is slow because the blood vessels are small and
they are under the skins surface.
Symptoms -dizziness -restlessness -nausea -thirst
-weak, rapid pulse -cold, clammy skin -rapid
gasping breathing -pallor (pale
face) -sweating -progressive loss of
consciousness (drowsiness, irrational
or unconscious).
Bruise
Abrasion
Treatment Clean the wound and apply a
non- sticky bandage.
Treatment You must rest the casualty and the
injury, then apply a cold pack to the area. Apply
compression bandages and keep the wound elevated.
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General First Aid Kit

• 1 Adhesive tape (2.5cm)
• 1 Scissors blunt/sharp S'steel
• 2 Combine dressing (9cm x 20cm)
• 1 Foil emergency blanket
• 1 First Aid Notes
• 2 Gauze bandage 7.5cm
• 2 Gauze bandages 10cm
• 2 Gauze bandages 5cm
• 3 Gauze swabs 7.5cm x 7.5cm
• 3 Plastic bags, various sizes
• 4 Non adhesive dressing 7.5 x 5cm
• 4 Non adhesive dressing 7.5 x 10cm
• 2 Gloves, disposable (pair)
• 1 Notepad
• 100 Adhesive dressing strips, plastic
• 1 Tissues, pkt of 10
• 10 Safety pins
• 1 Splinter forceps S'steel
• 2 Saline, ampoule 15ml

• General Family First Aid Kit
• This kit is packed in a conveniently sized heavy
  duty plastic tool box type container and is
  suitable for the home, family outings or camping
  use. The contents are designed for treatment of a
  range of accidents from small cuts and scrapes to
  serious injuries.