ADHD

1
AD/HD

• Identification
• And
• Strategies

2
IDEA Qualification

• Not a separate category
• Included under Other Health Impaired
• Definition includes component of persistent
  patterns that are more frequent and severe than
  normally seem in individuals at this level of
  development
• Must significantly affect educational process

3
IDEA Categories/Percentages

• Specific learning disabilities
• Speech or language impairments
• Mental Retardation
• Emotional Disturbance
• Other Health Impairments

• 51
• 19
• 1.2
• 8.4
• 3.5

4
IDEA Categories/Percentages

• Multiple Disabilities
• Hearing Impairments
• Orthopedic Impairments
• Autism
• Visual Impairments

• 2
• 1.3
• 1.2
• .8
• .5

5
IDEA Categories/Percentages

• Traumatic Brain Injury
• Developmental Delay
• Deaf-Blindness

• .2
• .03
• .03

6
Diagnostic Criteria for AD/HD

• American Psychiatric Association identified 3
  subtypes of AD/HD
• Predominately inattentive
• Predominately hyperactive-impulsive
• Combination of the above

7
Inattentive Type

• 6 or more have persisted for 6 or more months
  no close attention to detail, difficulty
  sustaining attention, doesnt seem to listen,
  fails to finish work, difficulty with
  organization, avoids engagement in tasks that
  require sustained mental effort, loses things,
  distracted by extra stimuli, forgetful in daily
  activities

8
Hyperactivity-Impulsivity Type

• 6 or more have persisted for 6 or more months
  fidgety, leaves seat, runs or climbs excessively,
  difficulty in engaging in quiet leisure skills,
  driven by a motor, talks excessively, blurts
  out answers, difficulty taking turns, interrupts

9
Both Types

• Some characteristics appear before age 7
• Symptoms apparent in 2 or more settings
• Clear evidence of impairment in academic, social,
  or occupational areas
• Not accounted for with other mental disorders

10
Impairment areas for AD/HD

• Cognitive
• Language
• Adaptive functioning
• Motor development
• Emotion
• School performance
• Task performance
• Medical/health issues

11
Causes and Prevalence

• Causes
• Environmental
• Pre-peri-postnatal trauma
• Brain differences
• Genetics

• Prevalence
• 3-6 of school-aged children
• 3-1 ratio of boys to girls
• 50 of children may be undiagnosed

12
Qualification for 504 Plan

• Rehabilitation Act of 1974 prohibits
  discrimination when one or more life activities
  are limited
• Provides for accommodations in classrooms,
  assignments, and environments in order to meet
  educational needs
• Differences no parent participation required, no
  funding, no timeline
• May be instrumental with high stakes testing
  criteria/accommodations

13
AD/HD Evaluation

• Diagnosis occurs mostly outside of the school
  system
• Includes
• Behavioral rating scales
• Direct observation
• Teacher/family documentation
• Medical testing
• Academic assessments

14
Best classroom practices for students
with AD/HD

• Positive behavior management
• Social skills integration
• Organizational training
• Possible medication
• Curriculum that promotes
• Relevance, novelty, variety, choice, activities
  and challenge
• Routine/rules