Roses

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Roses

• Roses command attention
• Roses carry meaning
• Roses are not forgotten

Created by Derald Freeman, Burleson, TX
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Roses are forever

• Roses are grown for beauty
• Roses are for pleasure
• Roses are for love

Sources Texas AM, EarthKind Roses
Dennis Jones, Ft Worth Botanic Gardens
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Symbolism and Color
 

• Color is a personal thing

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Ancient History of Roses

• Fossils dated 35-40 million years ago in Montana
  and Oregon
  
• Fossils dated 40 million years in Florissant,
  Colorado
  
• 3000 B.C. first written record
• Roses originated in the Northern Hemisphere
• (Europe, America, Middle East, and the Orient)

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Recent History of Roses

• 16th century - roses brought from Europe.
• 1798-Empress Josephine had 250 varieties.
• 1867 ARS designated first hybrid rose.
• 1920 Hybrid teas dominated the market.
• 1938 All-American Rose Society was formed to test
  new rose varieties.
  
• In 1700s 1800s botanists brought back Chinas
  and Teas from China.

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Rose Classification

• Family Rosaceae
• Genus Rosa
• Cultivars Alba, Bourbon, Rugosa
• Common Names Caldwell Pink, Ice Berg, Belindas
  Dream, Carefree, Reve dOr

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Rose Basics

• How they are packaged
• Growing types
• Grading

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Rose Basics

• Packaged types

• Bare-root
• Prepackaged (boxed)
• Container-grown

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Rose Basics

• Packaged types
• Growing types

• Budded
• Own roots

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Rose Basics

• Packaged types
• Growing types
• Grading

1 - 3 strong canes 1.5 - 2 thin canes 2 -
1-2 small canes
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Fragrance of Roses

• Spicy, fruity, musky, tea, honey, violet, apple,
  lemon, velvety.
  
• Most highly scented are darkest, or most petals,
  or thickest petals.
  
• Chrysler Imperial and Mr. Lincoln hold their
  scent best.

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Types of Roses

• SPECIES ROSES
• Grown before 1867

MODERN ROSES Hybridized after 1867
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Species Roses

• Old Garden Roses
• Antique Roses
• Old cemeteries
• Church yards
• Old farm houses

• Grow wild
• 150 species
• Pollinate freely
• Bloom only once
• Disease resistant

Indicates an EarthKind Rose
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Found Roses
Species Roses

• Caldwell Pink
• Pompom flowers
• Double petals
• Repeat bloomer
• 3 x 3

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Found Roses
Species Roses

• Katy Road Pink
• Aka Carefree Beauty
• Semi-double bloom
• fragrant
• 4 x 4

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Found Roses

• Rosa Banksiae Lady Banks
• Found
• Date unknown
• Blooms once
• White and yellow

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Old Garden Roses
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Old Garden Roses Antique

• Developed by plant breeders prior to 1867

• Alba
• Bourbon
• Centifolia
• China
• Damask
• Gallicas
• Hybrid Perpetual

• Hybrid Tea
• Moss
• Noisette
• Rugosa
• Tea
• Climber
• Rambler

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Old Roses Climbing/Rambler

• Cecile Brunner
• Lady Banksia
• New Dawn
• Sombreuil

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Old Roses

• Cecile Brunner
• Polyantha
• Small perfectly formed flower
• 1881
• Shrub or climber
• Large thorns

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Old Roses

• New Dawn
• Climber
• Double bloom
• Fragrant
• Repeat bloomer

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Old Roses

• Sombreuil
• Creamy white
• Climber
• Tea
• OGR

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Modern Roses

• New groups introduced after 1867
• Hybrids and grafted
• Most are combinations of two varieties
• Nearly all roses in nurseries are modern roses

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Modern Rose Features

• Hybridized after 1867
• Nearly all roses in local nurseries are modern
  roses
  
• Stunning array of colors and blooms
• Frequently have bad canes, unattractive foliage,
  and do not live many years

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Modern Roses

• Hybrid teas (1900)
• Floribundas
• Grandifloras (1954)
• Polyantha (1900?)
• Miniatures
• Shrub
• Tree
• Climbing

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Bourbon

• Cross between Parsons Pink and Red Damask
  Perpetual

Mme Isaac Periere
Maggie
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Bourbon
Souvenir de la Malmaison
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Chinas

• Perle dOr
• (shown)
• Bred to become tea, bourbon and noisette roses.
• Repeat bloomers, blossoms are spectacular and
  large. Used as hedges.

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Chinas

• Old Blush
• (shown)

OTHERS Archduke Charles Mutabilis Hermosa
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Damasks

• Damasks
• The Autumn Damask (shown)
• (tall shrub, hooked thorns, beautiful foliage
  probably from Persia)

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Floribundas
Modern Roses

• Known as a group since the mid-1940's. Are
  derived and refined from the hybrid teas.

Iceberg 1958 Livin Easy 1996
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Floribundas
Modern Roses

• Cross between hybrid tea and polyantha.

Else Poulsen
Betty Boop
Betty Prior
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Grandifloras
Modern Roses

• Exhibits the best attributes of HT floribundas

Fame 1998
Octoberfest 1999
Gold Medal 1983
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Grandifloras
Modern Roses

• Cross between hybrid tea and floribundas.

Queen Elizabeth 1954
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Hybrid Perpetual

• Marchessa Boccella
• 4x4, repeat bloomer, large double bloom, fragrant

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Hybrid Perpetual

• Baronne Prevost
• 4x4, repeat, double bloom, good foliage

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Hybrid teas
Modern Roses

• The most widely grown rose and boldest colors

Double Delight 1977
Don Juan
Oklahoma
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Hybrid teas
Modern Roses

• Repeat bloomers, vivid color, scented. They are a
  cross between perpetual and tea roses.

Belindas Dream
Mr. Lincoln
Chrysler Imperial
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Noisette

• Produced in 1817 by French gardener, Noisettte of
  Charleston, SC from China and Musk.

Reve dOr
Rev dOr
Lamarque
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Noisette

• Large shrub with fragrant pink clusters.

Celine Forestier
Blush Noisette
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Polyantha

• Cecile Brunner (shown).
• Dwarf, compact, good for low borders
• (Others)
• The Fairy, and Climbing Pinkie

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Polyantha

• Everblooming, compact

Marie Daly
Marie Pavie
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Teas

• Sombreuil
• (shown)
• also.
• Mrs. B.R. Cant

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Teas

• Considered by many aficionados to be the most
  exquisite form and color in the world.

Mrs. Dudley R. Cross
Duchesse de Brabant
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Conclusion

• A rose is a rose is a rose

Gertrude Stein, a twentieth-century American
author who lived most of her life in France wrote
her life story and included this line suggesting,
perhaps, that some things resist definition in
words.
2005 - By Derald Freeman TCMGA Master Gardener
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A Final Thought in Closing

• You can complain that roses have thorns,
• Or you can be thankful that thorny bushes have
  roses

Sources Texas AM, EarthKind Roses
Dennis Jones, Ft Worth Botanic Gardens