Surrealism

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Surrealism
The Hallucinogenic Toreador Salvador Dali
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Characteristics Founder poet Andre
Breton 1.Major influence Sigmund Freud some
based on his actual cases 2. First time art was
not restricted 3. Common themes war, violence
death 4. Most oil paintings 5. Valued childrens
art, art of insane, 6. Many artists were
untrained
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Earlier influence DADAISM(hobby horse) result
of horror in WWI rejected traditional art work
was sheer nonsense Invented ready mades work
from discarded materials Many moved to
surrealism as last influence
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Duchamp
1887-1968 He brothers all artists Did go to
school very much Nudes instant hit in
US 1913-14 Ready mades 23- left art to play
chess Part of VVV (magazine for surrealism) Most
famous ready made bicycle wheel Experimented
with OP Art Idealized by artists today
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Duchamp ready mades
The fountain
The bicycle wheel
Reproduction LHOOQ
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Major Styles 1. Natural/realistic but settings
dream like EX egg hanging from a tree objects
singled out 2. Abstract floating shapes common
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Terms that relate Frottage brass rubbings a.
Rubbing from bark of tree or stone Using a soft
pencil b. Cut paper into shapes c. Stick on
canvas to suggest objects d. Ghost like quality
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frottage
The eternal city Max Ernst
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Grattage canvas covered with random drips in
layers Then scrape off part of paint

• Two Levels of Surrealism
• Understanding through the beauty of the object
• Deep feeling because of what the object
• Tells us about ourselves

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MAX ERNST
1891-1976
German Father taught deaf/dumb Served in
artillery in WW I Developed frottage Painted in a
series One theme lower live in city EX
eternal city 39 in French prison 41 came to
US Wrote for a surrealists review VVV Very
prolific Became French citizen
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First surreal Painting Oedipus Rex Max Ernst
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Of this man shall know nothing
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The couple
The couple
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Nocturnal aspects
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Robbing Of the Bride
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Joan Miro
1893-1983 Spanish Mental break down/ drove him
to art Worked with Picasso Created dream
paintings Developed his own sign language in
his work Copied the masters 1930s savage work/
Hitler 1960 large sculptures
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Person throwing a stone at a bird
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The circus horse
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The farm
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Rene Magritte (Belgian) 1898-1967 Life on the
move Mother committed suicide A wallpaper
designer Wife 15 when married His work showed
clear draftsman ship Used to create perception
illusion mirrors, eyes, windows and curtains,
pictures within pictures and curtains Poe was
an influence Frescoes and sculptures in later
life Died of cancer
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The Window
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La duree Poignardie
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The great War
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Les fils Lhomme (the son of man)
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1904-1989 Middle class family 21 first one man
show Gala Elund his wife and manager Expelled
from group /political Preoccupationscience
religion 19 large canvas Wrote autobiography
poetry
Salvador Dali
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Spent war in US 1984 burned in a fire/ wife
died Pace maker put in 1984 began life in
seclusion Died 89 heart failure buried in
Teatro Museum Left all his money and wealth to
Spain Large permanent exhibit in Miami
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The hallucinogenic Toreador
Classical/ Religious theme
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Persistence of memory
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CHRIST
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MAE WEST
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Face and fruit dish on beach
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Skull of man
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sleep