Television Today Public Television

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Television Today Public Television

• There are approximately 370 educational or public
  television stations in the U.S.
• These stations are funded by viewers, sponsors
  and the federal government.
• The Corporation for Public Broadcasting dispenses
  federal funds to stations and program producers.

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Television Today Public Television

• State or Municipally Owned
• College or University Station
• Public School System Station
• Community Stations

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Television Today Public Television

• Typical Public Television Station Lineup
• Mornings Body Electric Between the Lion
  Arthur, Sagwa, the Chinese Cat Dragon Tales
  Calilou Mister Rogers Teletubbies Barney
  Sesame Street GED Connection This Old House.
• Afternoons Antique Roadshow American
  Experience NOW with Bill Moyers Repeats of
  Morning Childrens Programming.

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Television Today Public Television

• Evenings BBC World News Nightly Business
  Report NewsHour with Jim Lehrer Antiques
  Roadshow American Experience American Masters
  Charlie Rose Nova In Search of Shakespeare
  Frontline Washington Week in Review Primetime
  Documentaries (America Beyond the Color Line)

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Television Today -- Cable

• First emerged in the fifties as CATV -- community
  antenna television. Cable was a redelivery
  system.
• In the sixties cable system operators looked for
  ways to provide other programming to subscribers
  (educational programs, sports, movies,
  cable-access)

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Television Today -- Cable

• Cable expanded in the seventies because of three
  major developments --
• the proliferation of domestic satellite relays
• the emergence of super stations
• the emergence of cable specific programming

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Television Today -- Cable

• Cable system operators negotiate a franchise
  agreement with the local community to provide
  cable services. Multiple system operators may
  serve several areas. Comcast serves 21 million
  homes, currently the largest cable operator in
  the nation. DirecTV is largest satellite operator
  with 14.45 million homes.

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Television Today -- Cable

• Cable networks deal with system operators, not
  stations.
• Cable networks have two main revenue sources
  subscriptions and advertising.
• Cable systems generally offer subscribers three
  programming services -- basic, premium and
  pay-per-view.

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Television Today -- Cable

• Cable system operators pay cable networks for the
  rights to air their programming.
• Cable system operators air over-the-air broadcast
  stations for free.
• The 1992 Telecommunications Act gave broadcasters
  the right to demand payment for carriage of their
  signals.

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Television Today -- Cable

• The growth of cable television affected
  broadcasters in several ways
• More competition for viewers
• More competition for ad dollars
• More competition for news
• Relaxed programming standards

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How Cable Grew

• 1984-85 48.9 41.5 million subs
• 1988-89 57.5 52.0
• 1992-93 65.7 61.2
• 1996-97 69.6 67.5
• 2000-01 81.8 83.8

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Television Today -- Cable

• Cable Networks
• Basic Channels AE, AMC, Animal Planet, BET,
  Bravo, CNBC, CNN, Comedy Central, CourtTV, CSPAN,
  Disney, Discovery, E!, ESPN Classic, ESPN, ESPN2,
  EWTV, Family, Fox News, Food Channel, Fox Sports
  Channel, FX, GALA, Golf Channel, Hallmark, HGTV,
  History Channel, Home Shopping Network, Lifetime,
  MSNBC, MTV, Nickelodeon, OLN, QVC, SciFi, Spike,
  TBS, TCM, TLC, TNN, TNT, TOON, Telemundo, Travel,
  TV Land, USA, Univision, VH1, Weather Channel

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Television Today Cable

• Premium Channels Cinema, Cinemax, Encore, HBO,
  HBOPlus, MAX, Showtime, Starz

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Television Today Direct Broadcast Satellite

• Direct broadcast satellite allows subscribers to
  receive hundreds of channels, but FCC laws
  prohibit satellite distribution of local stations
  in all but 40 markets.

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