Title: User Centered Approaches to Design
1User Centered Approaches to Design
2A good scientist is a person with original ideas.
A good engineer is a person who makes a design
that works with as few original ideas as
possible. There are no prima donnas in
engineering. Dyson FreemanPhysicist, 1979
3How can designers enhance the probability of a
product being successfully adopted by users?
4(No Transcript)
5An Example Near and Dear
6Product Categories
- Learning Environments
- Automotives
- Restaurants
- Computer Operating Systems
7Learning Environments
8Automotives
9Restaurants
10Computer Operating Systems
11Congruency with Generalizations
- Intuitive, easy to use
- Does what it is supposed to do Meets the needs
of user - Product is attractive / appealing
- Product satisfaction by user
- Sense of accomplishment of the user too easy may
not satisfy user - Brand name loyalty / recognition
12Connection to LiteratureUsability Engineering
(Nielsen, J.)
- The difference between accomplishment and success
- User-centered research and design
- Success in form and function
- Form (usability and appeal)
- Function (performance and efficacy)
- Paradoxical nature of usability guidelines
- Designer to User
- Products will face usability research
- Better earlier than later
13Affective Domain Instructional Design
- Miller (2005) suggested that both student
motivation and attitudes are affected when
educators consider the affective domain while
they are designing their courses - Attitudes are composed of four interlinked
qualities - Affective responses
- Cognitions
- Behavioral intentions
- Behaviors
14Affective Cognitive Consistency
- Some theorists (Simonson Maushak, 2001) believe
that a relationship exists between attitudes and
beliefs and that when a persons attitudes
towards a topic is inconsistent with their
knowledge about the topic, the person is in an
unstable condition (similar to cognitive
dissonance) - New Information can alter the attitudes a person
has towards a topic and can help reduce this
unstable condition and result in the persons
knowledge and attitude towards topic into harmony
15Instructional Design for Attitude Change
- Guidelines (Simonson Maushak, 2001) for
Effective Design of Attitude Instruction Include - Make the instruction realistic, relevant and
technically stimulating - Present new information
- Present persuasive messages in a credible manner
- Elicit purposeful emotional involvement
- Involve the learner in planning, production or
delivery of the message - Provide post-instruction discussion or critique
opportunities
16Emotion Design
- Norman (2004) suggested that individuals process
information about a given product in three
different ways - Visceral, Behavioral and Reflective
- The emotional response to a product will affect
how the individual interacts / uses the product - How will preconceptions affect emotional response?
17What is Beauty?
- Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder
- Is there a mathematical model for beauty?
- Beautycheck
- Research project at the University of Regensburg
and Rostock in Germany - Common facial features in attractive people
- Computerized template developed
- Things that are attractive / beautiful more
likely to produce positive affects in people??
18This PowerPoint (with additions) will be made
available online for download.