Lab Exam review ie: Handout from 1st class.

1
Lab Exam reviewie Handout from 1st class.

• Reminder This exam is a great opportunity to
  pull up your lab mark, just follow the
  instructions in the handout!!!!!

2
Easy marks

• Always distinguish between description and
  interpretation. Describe before you interpret.
• Use conjunctions for your argumentation ( owing
  to, because of, etc).
• Always give reasons for your statements.
• Know the scientific terms, and their meaning.

3
Rock Sample/ T.S. description

• Colour (note for T.S. it must be in ppl)
• Fabric (clast support, matrix support, geopetals,
  etc) that includes
• Texture (microscopic, geometrical relationships
  of the rock components, shape or crystal shape,
  grain/particle size use proper terms silt sized
  etc or crystal size, roundness and sphericity or
  particles/components, crystal description,
  relative abundance, character of a limestones
  groundmass (spariticcement, micriticmicrite mud.

4
More.

• Structure (macroscopic)
• Layering
• Cross bedding
• Lamination
• Nodules
• Discontinuities
• Imbrication
• Grading/inverse grading
• Bioturbation/boring
• Fenestrae open space structure

5
More

• Particle to particle relationships (orientation,
  packing, contacts point, concavo-convex,
  tangential, sutured.
• Distribution of particles with the sample (are
  there any zones) sorting (applies to components
  matrix is generally well sorted)
• Porosity (open and sealed interparticle,
  intraparticle, intercrystal, mouldic,
  fenestral/birdseye, shelter, growth-framework,
  fracture, channel, vug, cavern, burrow, boring,
  shrinkage, breccia pores)

6
Interpretation

• Rely mostly on observation of the sample but use
  literature in doubt or for the definition of
  scientific terms ie use your observations for
  interpretation!
• Think energy level, transport, deposition,
  reworking, fossils (biostrat), ichnofacies,
  bathymetry, salinity, oxygen, temp, climate, and
  what it all means when you put it together.
• Synsed, post sed, diagenesis

7
More

• Take a look at page 3-12 of the handout. It will
  be helpful for terminology.

8
What is the point? Why?

• Description then interpretation This is useful
  so that someone else in your working group can
  then take your data and make their own
  interpretation. It is just good science to make
  a model based on your data, not make your data
  fit your model!
• Convincing a person to spend a lot of money on an
  exploration regime Saying Yup..its a delta
  alright may not be good enough. Give solid
  evidence from your observations. These facts
  will make your argument much more convincing.
  This skill of observation, then interpretation
  and being able to back that up with your
  knowledge is what makes you valuable as a
  geologist in hard or soft rock.

9
Summary

• Follow the steps in your handout, and you will do
  well as the steps show the process. This will get
  you a whole lot of marks even if the sample is
  easy or difficult.
• Base interpretation on your observational facts,
  and you will do very well.
• This is a great opportunity to bring up your lab
  average!