Alaa Sadik, Ph.D.

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Design, Selection and Uutilization of Media

• By
• Alaa Sadik, Ph.D.
• Visiting Consultant
• Department of Instructional Technology
• College of Education
• asadik_at_squ.edu.om
• freewebs.com/alaasadik

• .

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PART ONEMedia, Technology Learning
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Types of Instructional Media Text, image
audio
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The HumanEar
Text (words, numbers, signs, symbols, equations,
etc.)
The ear consists of three basic parts the outer
ear, the middle ear, and the inner ear. Each
part of the ear serves a specific purpose in the
task of detecting and interpreting
sound.
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The HumanEar
Image (drawing, graph, photo, map, etc.)
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The HumanEar
Audio (human voice, sound effects, etc.)
The human ear consists of ...
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Text, Image Audio
The Human Ear

• The human ear consists of three parts
• The outer ear
• The middle ear
• The inner ear

Listen
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The New Media Class Hierarchy

• Temporal
• Static
• - Computational
• - Directive

(Waters, 1998)
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The HumanEar
Temporal (animation)
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Temporal (video)
Landing The pilot managed to land the airoplane
safely
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Computational (graphs)
Auditory Physiology Lab.
This figure shows a summary of the maximum
efferent mediated adaptation of the DPOAE for 168
intensity combinations of the primary tones in
0.4 dB steps.
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Directive (sliders)
Define Values Using Sliders
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Multimedia
Transmission that combine different media of
communication (text, graphics, audio, animation,
video, etc.)
End of this point
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2. Message Design
Communication Process - Sender - Message (to
carry the content) - Medium (to carry the
message) - Receiver - Domain
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Media Experience
Dales Cone of Experience
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Dales Cone of Experience

• Upper levels
• provide more information,
• compress information,
• faster for those able to process it,
• need more instructional support.
• Lower levels
• involve the learner as a participant,
• encourage active learning,
• provide less information,
• more stimuli and richer.

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Dales Cone of Experience
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3. Media Technology Attributes -
Interactivity- Branching - Realism- Bandwidth
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Interaction Exchange of information, ideas,
opinions between andamong learners and
teachers. Usually occurring throughtechnology
with the aim offacilitating learning.
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Types of Interaction - Learner-teacher -
Learner-learner- Learner-content-
Learner-machine
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Time of Interaction - Synchronous
(time-dependent)- Asynchronous
(time-independent)
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Technology-Mediated Interaction
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Branching
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4. Selection Criteria of Media Technology

• Objectives are well-defined
• Content is clear
• Suitable for time and place
• Suitable for learners ability
• Interactive
• Reusable
• Cost-effective

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Selection Criteria
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5. Level of Technology Use - Informational -
Supplemental- Communal - Essential -
Immersive
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PART TWOInstructional Design Media
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Instructional Design
The structure of an environment to provide
learners with conditions that support learning.

• For whom is the programme being developed?
• What do you want the learners to learn?
• How is the subject content or skill best learned?
• How do you determine the extent to which the
  learning has been achieved?

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Instructional Design
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Instructional Design of Courseware
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Instructional Design
(Dick and Carey, 1996)
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Instructional Design
(Kemp, 1994)
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Instructional Design

• ASSURE Model
• Analyze learners
• State objectives
• Select media and materials
• Utilize media and materials
• Require learner participation
• Evaluate and revise
  

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ID Learning Theories
Behaviourism Learning is a sequence of stimuli
and response actions in the learner.
Cognitivism Focus on cognitive processes, such
as retention and recall of prior learning.
Constructivism Learning is an active process in
which the learner builds knowledge and
understanding from individual experiences.
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Constructivism

• Construction of knowledge depends on
• the interaction between the learner and others in
  the learning environment.
• an active engagement in problem-solving
  situations.

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PART THREEUtilization of Media
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Examples of Digital Media Technologies
- Satellite broadcasting - Video-conferencing -
CD-ROMs and DVDs - The Internet and the Web
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Internet and Web Technologies
- Authoring tools - Support tools - Delivery and
management systems (DMS)
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Authoring Tools
- For general purposes FrontPage, MM Flash,
etc. - For instructional purposes ToolBook
Instructor, Authorware, etc.
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Authoring Tools
Gneral FrontPage
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Authoring Tools
Instructional ToolBook Instructor
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Authoring Tools
Instructional ToolBook Instructor
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Support Tools

• - Word processors
• Photo editors
• Drawing tools
• - Audio/video editors
• - Web browsers

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Support Tools
Photo editors PaintShop Pro Contains all the
tools you need for creating, editing, and
retouching your images. It is friendly enough for
the casual user and professional.
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Support Tools
Drawing tools SmartDraw Contains all the tools
you need for drawing shapes, instructional
graphics, maps and flowcharts and export them in
standard formats.
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Support Tools
Video editors Pinnacle Studio Contain many tools
to edit and produce professional video clips.
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Support Tools
Multimedia authoring Liquid Media Rich multimedia
authoring presentation software package,
capable of stunning effects with fluid motion.
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Support Tools
Multimedia authoring ECTI Create presentations,
demonstrations, simulations, images, Flash
animations, etc.
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Delivery and Management Systems

• - WebCT
• - Blackboard
• TopClass
• Moodle

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Delivery and Management Systems
WebCT - Tutor utilities - Course tools -
Interaction tools
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Delivery and Management Systems
BlackBoard - Content builder - Communication
tools - Assessment tool - Student administration
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The End

• Alaa Sadik, Ph.D.
• asadik_at_squ.edu.om
• This presentation is available at
  www.freewebs.com/alaasadik