Diversity in the WorkForce

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Diversity in the WorkForce

• Navigating Through Cultural Encounters
• Presented by
• Bobbie Denise Bagley,
• RN, BSN, MPH

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Workshop Objectives

• Identify barriers to effective communication
  across cultures
• Employ skills to overcome barriers to effective
  communication across cultures
• Learn skills to navigate through cross-cultural
  encounters

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Every encounter is a cross cultural encounter
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Definitions

• Bias
• Prejudice
• Racism
• Stereotyping

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Cultural Considerations
Literacy
Beliefs
Family
Class
Geographic Location
Experiences
Race
Age
Marital Status
Economics
Language
Knowledge
History
Sexual Orientation
Religion
Immigration Status
Gender
Ethnicity
Politics
Country of Origin
Community Networks
Income
Education
Military
Physical Abilities
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A Culturally Competent Approach

Better Marketing
Transformed Integrated into
Improved Services
Knowledge, information data from about
individuals groups
Standards Policies
Enhanced Skills
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Six Cultural Phenomena

• Communication
• Space
• Time
• Social Organizations
• Environmental Control
• Biological Variations

Giger and Davidhizars Transcultural Assessment
Model
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Communication

• What is communication?
• All behavior spoken or unspoken is communication
• Process where one person affects another
• An important tool for managing health
• Means by which culture is communicated

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Communication

• To be effective in communication one needs to
  have not only a working knowledge of
  communication with individuals of the same
  culture but also a thorough awareness of racial,
  cultural and social factors that may affect
  communication with persons from other cultures.

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Communication

• Communication Culture
• Transmittal and preservation
• Expression of feelings
• Appropriateness of verbal and nonverbal
  expressions
• Perception of time
• Bodily contact
• Territorial rights

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Communication

• Functions of Communication
• What does it accomplish?
• Discloses information
• Self disclosure
• Perception of self
• Interaction with people
• Awareness of feelings
• Interpersonal functions
• Conveys respect
• Giving or taking away of power

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Communication

• Factors Influencing Communication
• Physical health and well being
• The situation being discussed and its meaning
• Distractions to the communication process
• Knowledge of the matter being discussed
• Skill at communicating
• Attitudes toward the other person and toward the
  subject discussed

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Communication

• Factors Influencing Communication
• Personal needs and interests
• Background, including cultural, social, and
  philosophical values
• The senses involved and their functionality
• Personal tendency to make judgments and be
  judgmental of others
• The environment in which the communication occurs
• Experience that relate to the current situation

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Communication

• Be aware that different styles and types of
  feedback may be unique to particular cultural
  groups
• Optimal communication includes the use of
  technology

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Communication

• Significant communication cues are received from
• voice quality
• intonation
• rhythm
• speed
• pronunciation used

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Communication

• In order to communicate in a culturally
  appropriate manner, it is important to separate
  values based on your own cultural background from
  the values of the individual to whom you are
  communicating with.

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Communication

• Verbal and Nonverbal
• Verbal (Language)
• Vocabulary Rhythm
• Grammar structure Speed
• Voice Qualities Pronunciation
• Intonation Silence
• Nonverbal
• Touch
• Facial expression
• Eye Movement
• Body Posture

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• To truly accept cultural differences across
  culture, you need to understand them.
• Arum Kottolli

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Cross-Cultural Communication

• Cultural differences lead to communication
  problems
• Ethnocentrism and Parochial Attitude

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Cross-Cultural Communication

• The key to effective cross-cultural communication
  is knowledge
• How do you build relationships across cultures?
• What do you do when things are going badly?
• Ask the question? What could be going on here?

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Cross-Cultural Communication

• Skills
• Attitude
• Personal Beliefs

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Cross-Cultural Communication

• Patience is key
• Respond carefully
• Dont jump to conclusions
• Use active listening skills
• Be mindful of the use of different wording
  between languages and cultural groups
• What is appropriate in one culture may not be
  appropriate in another.

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Cross-Cultural Communication

• Strategies
• Learn
• Observe
• Ask Questions
• Self Awareness
• Allowing for Time in Communication
• Dont Ignore Individual differences
• Use Humor
• Be willing to allow for the unknown
• Give yourself time to adjust to cultural
  differences
• Develop your cross-cultural skills
• Adapted from Working Across Culture article by
  Kate Berardo