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Visual Aids

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Photographs. Must be large enough to be seen. Convert photographs to trans-parencies and show them with an overhead projector ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Visual Aids


1
Week 7
  • Visual Aids
  • Credibility

2
Chapter 13
Using Visual Aids
3
Advantages of Visual Aids
  • Clarity
  • Interest
  • Retention
  • Credibility
  • Persuasiveness

4
Kinds of Visual Aids
  • Charts
  • Video
  • Transparencies
  • Multimedia presentations
  • The speaker
  • Objects
  • Models
  • Photographs
  • Drawings
  • Graphs

5
Photographs
  • Must be large enough to be seen
  • Convert photographs to trans-parencies and show
    them with an overhead projector
  • Show photographs with PowerPoint

6
Drawings
  • Can be a useful alternative to photographs
  • Must be large enough to be seen easily by all
    listeners

7
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8
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9
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10
Graphs
  • Visual aids used to show statistical trends and
    patterns.

11
Line Graph
  • A graph that uses one or more lines to show
    changes in statistics over time or space.

12
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13
Pie Graph
  • A graph that highlights segments of a circle to
    show simple distribution patterns.

14
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15
Bar Graph
  • A graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to
    show comparisons among two or more items.

16
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17
Chart
  • A visual aid that summarizes a large block of
    information, usually in list form.

18
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19
Video
  • Use video only when it is essential to
    communicate your message
  • Edit video so it is smoothly integrated into your
    speech
  • Make sure you can run the video equipment properly

20
The Speaker as a Visual Aid
  • The speakers body can be used as a visual aid
    when demonstrating a procedure
  • Doing a demonstration requires special practice
    to coordinate the speakers words and actions

21
Guidelines for Preparing Visual Aids
  • Prepare visual aids in advance
  • Keep visual aids simple
  • Make sure visual aids are large enough
  • Use fonts that are easy to read
  • Use a limited number of fonts
  • Use color effectively

22
Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids
  • Avoid using the chalkboard for visual aids
  • Display visual aids where listeners can see them
  • Avoid passing visual aids among the audience

23
Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids
  • Display visual aids only while discussing them
  • Talk to the audience, not to your visual aid
  • Explain visual aids clearly and concisely
  • Practice with your visual aids

24
Questions to consider
  • Why not pass out a picture?
  • Why not leave a visual up for the whole speech?
  • What other problems are possible?
  • Whats involved in preparing visuals?

25
Chapter 16
  • Methods of Persuasion

26
Four keys to effective persuasion
  • A. Credibility
  • B. Well-reasoned argument
  • C. Emotion
  • D. Audience involvement

27
Ethos
  • The name used by Aristotle for what modern
    students of communication refer to as credibility.

28
Factors of credibility
  • Competence -- perceived intelligence, expertise,
    and knowledge
  • Character -- perceived sincerity,
    trustworthiness, and concern for others

Chapter 16 p. 429
29
  • Speaker credibility at three points

initial
terminal
The speech
derived
Chapter 16 pp. 401
30
Initial Credibility
  • The credibility of a speaker before she or he
    starts to speak.

31
Derived Credibility
  • The credibility of a speaker produced by
    everything she or he says and does during the
    speech.

32
Terminal Credibility
  • The credibility of a speaker at the end of the
    speech.

33
Tips for Enhancing Credibility
  • Explain your competence
  • Establish common ground with your audience
  • Deliver your speeches fluently, expressively, and
    with conviction

34
Think for yourself
  • Think of a speaker with low credibility
  • What should they do to improve their perceived
    competence?
  • Can they enhance their perceived character? How?

35
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