ARE WE ALONE

1
ARE WE ALONE?

• Osinanna Okonkwo
• Vinay Prasad
• Ugochukwu Anyaorah
• Daniel Reed

2
PROBLEM STATEMENTS

• Our Goal as experts in HVAC
• systems was to respond to a RFQ
• (Request For Quotation)
• issued by NASA, for the
• creation of a housing heating
• system in the North pole.
• The house in question is required to
• support 4 scientists for 4 months,
• delivering functionality and comfort

3
CONSTRAINTS

• Inside temperature of 25 C
• Outside temperature of -40 C
• Maintain oxygen at a rate of 32L/min.
• Minimize flow rate variation between all
  registers

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PROJECT MANAGEMENT - RACI
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THE HOUSE
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REQUEST FOR QUOTATION

• To win the contract we had to
• achieve the following
• Lowest blower cost
• Lowest material cost
• Least Labor
• Operating Cost
• Client Satisfaction

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LEAST BLOWER COST
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LEAST BLOWER COST

• Achieving this goal required minimization
• of the system pressure drop. To do this we used
• Flowmaster software to create a Housing
• Heating System.
• A network was created but due to
• insufficient technical support however the
• results of this part of the project were
• inconclusive.

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THE NETWORK
FLOWMASTER
DUCT PLAN
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LEAST MATERIAL COST
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LEAST MATERIAL COST

• Achieving this goal required the
• minimization of rubber coated
• sheet metal used in making the
• duct system.

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OPTIMIZING MATERIAL USE

• In order to reduce waste we had to
• optimize the diameter of the cylindrical straight
• pipes used in the duct-work.
• Optimization process
• 90in side of sheet ? four 22.25in Circumference
  pipes ? 7.08in Diameter
• This minimized cost as none of the coated sheet
• material was wasted, while still allowing us a
  good
• enough pipe diameter for a good flow rate.

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TOTAL MATERIAL COST
Cost per sheet - 250 Diameter of pipe
7.08in Circumference of pipe 22.25in ? 4 per
sheet
TOTAL MATERIAL COST - 7,750
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LEAST LABOR COST
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LEAST LABOR COST

• To obtain this goal we had to
• minimize shearing of sheets as
• well as the use of 90 degree
• bends and branches due to
• the high cost of producing
• them.

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TOTAL LABOR COST
TOTAL LABOR COST - 2,800
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OPERATING COST
18
OPERATING COST

• This required the minimization of
• Energy costs. The cost of
• maintenance items includes
• monthly natural gas costs
• oxygen costs
• Electricity costs.

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Natural Gas Cost- Heat Requirement

• Based on an inside temperature of 25 C
• Using peak heat requirement
• We Assumed
• No heat transfer by radiation
• No heat loss from basement to ground
• Inside wall dimensions were used for heat
  transfer surface area

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Natural Gas Cost- Heat Requirement

• Convection coefficients differed due to
  orientation and outside or inside location
• hin for vertical walls was 8.29 W/m2C (still
  air)
• hin for roof was 9.26 W/m2C (still air)
• hout for vertical walls and roof was 34 W/m2C
  (air at 15 mph and any orientation of wall)

Cengel, Yunus A. Heat Transfer A Practical
Approach. pp 175, Table 3-7. McGraw-Hill
Companies, Inc. 2003.
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Natural Gas Heating Cost

• Heat Requirement Q 41655.21 W

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Oxygen Costs

• OXYGEN SUPPLY OPTION I
• To supply oxygen to the 4 scientists (each
• scientist breathes air at 8L/min ? 32L/min),
• we decided to utilize PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
• Name of Plant Leucaena leucocephala
• (Pronounced Loo-Say-Na)

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Leucaena leucocephala Plant Facts

• One plant is estimated to produce about 0.22L of
  oxygen per minute.
• 32L/min required ? 0.22L/min per plant ? 145
  plants
• Applying a factor of safety of 1.1 we agreed on
  160 plants.
• Planted at 6in intervals, the plants will occupy
  approximately a 7ft. X 7ft. Area in the basement.
• Total Cost 10c a plant x 160 ? 16.00
• As opposed to
• 32L/min x 60min/hr x 24hr/day x 120 days
  5529600L
• 5529600L / 3000L/tank 1844 tanks
• 1844 tanks x 1050 per tank 1,936,200

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LEAST FLOW RATE VARIATION
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LEAST FLOW RATE VARIATION

• Again due to lack of technical
• Support the results of this part of
• the project were inconclusive.
• This is due to an incompatibility
• between software and project.

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FINAL COST SHEET

• Blower cost - INCONCLUSIVE
• Material Cost - 7,750
• Labor Cost - 2,800
• Heating Cost - 21,813.60
• Oxygen Replenishment - 16.00
• TOTAL COST - 32,380

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CONCLUSION

• Designed a heating network using Flowmaster
• Successfully determined heating cost
• Successfully determined oxygen replenishment cost

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QUESTIONS