Background Information

1
Background Information

• Retaining Walls
• Cases
• Cantilever Sheet Pile
• Cantilever Soldier Pile
• Anchored Soldier Pile
• Anchored Sheet Pile

2
Importance of Program

• Avoid human error in calculations
• Reduce time of design process
• Increase focus level in design aspects
• Play with data Efficient design
• Easy to use

3
Taxonomy of Alternatives

• Symbolic Mathematics
• Data Representation Symbol expressions
• Data Types Basic scalar values, strings, and
  structures
• Operators Kernel symbolic structure
  manipulation / Library of mathematical
  procedures
• Control Sequential flow w/ standard procedural
  controls
• Extensibility Programmable
• Interface Sequential and 1-D Visual
• Data and Model Storage File per model

4
Alternatives (Cont.)

• Spreadsheet Model
• Data Representation 2-D Table
• Data Types Integer, float, decimal/currency,
  time
• and dates.
• Operators Basic mathematics, statistics,
• search, row and column, cell and table index
• Control Data table grid
• Extensibility Macros or programmable
• Interface Structural and 2-D Visual
• Data and Model Storage File per model

5
Actual Program Taxonomy

• Spreadsheet
• Data representation Sheet pile wall soil
  property.
• Data type Integer, real, string, character.
• Operator  Basic math operator, index or
  reference.
• Control Iteration Control.
• User Interface 2-D visual, structural.
• Extension  N/A.
• Data storage Optional, one problem per file.

6
Justification of choice

• Choice Excel Program
• Very accessible program
• Easily programmable
• Index and reference functions availability
• Iteration process availability
• User interface
• Biased decision

7
Assumptions

• English units
• Simplified soil characteristics
• Absence of Externalities
• Soil and wall stability
• Fixed-earth support method (Cantilever case)
• Free-earth support method (Anchored case)

8
Calculations Algorithm

• Geometry
• Based on Earth Pressure diagram
• Earth active and passive pressure
• Equilibrium of forces and moments

9
Sample earth-pressure diagram
sh
y
R
R
c
d
H
Ph
O
h
m
A
x
10
Overall Program Operation
User
Data
Tables
Instructions
Program
Answer
11
Sample Data Structure
g
Ka
Kp
Pa g x Ka
Pp g x Kp
sh Pa x d
d
m sh / (Pp - Pa)
Ph Equation
h Equation
B Equation
Iteration Equation
Mmax Equation
x
Answer Smin
Answer Z
12
Data Specifications

• g Density, related to gravity  kip/ft3
• Ka, Kp  Active and passive earth pressure
  coefficients
• D  Visible height of ft
• Fb  Steel yield stress ksi
• R Rod tension lb (Case dependent)     
• Type of soil (loose or dense)
• We Effective width of pile ft

13
User

• Potential user
• Civil engineers and designers
• Teachers
• Usage options
• Roads on a mountain side
• Roads on the edge of a body of water, like river,
  sea or ocean.
• Single-wall cofferdams.
• The waterfront.

14
User Interface

• Goal
• Accessible program
• Easy to understand
• Easy to use, Pull-down menus
• Design
• Unit conversion is unavailable
• Specific zones available for data input and output

15
Sample User Input-Output Interface