Vitamin A Family

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Vitamin A Family

• I am not responsible for errors

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• What structure is the commercial forms of vitamin
  A.

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• Retinol
• Retinol Acetate
• Retinol Palmitate

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• What is the RDA for men of vitamin A?

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• Men 900 µg/day
• Women 700 µg/day

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• True or False
• Vitamin A is one of the more stable vitamins?

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• False
• Vitamin A is one of the more unstable vitamins
• Sensitve to
• ACID
• O2
• UV

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• T or F
• Vitamin A is stored in the liver for 2 months.

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• False
• Vitamin A is stored in the liver for 6-9 months.

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• What is the most serious deficiency of vitamin A?

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• Some evidence that the vitamin affects certain
  aminoacyl tRNA synthetase enzymes needed for
  glycoproteins found in mucous. Specific mucous
  glycoproteins are missing in vitamin A deficient
  individuals.
• For adults this is the most serious form of the
  deficiency because the mucous layer forms one of
  the physical barriers to microbial infection. A
  Vitamin A deficient individual can die from
  infection.

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• What pigments are considered the provitamins of
  vitamin A?

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• Carotenes are the yellow/orange pigments which
  can be considered the provitamin A.

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• True or False
• Vitamin A esters are more readily absorbed in the
  intestine than carotenes

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• True
• Vitamin A esters are more readily absorbed in the
  intestine than carotenes

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• If retinol is the commercial form of vitamin A,
  how would you increase intestinal absorption in
  the mucosa lining?

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• You could administer retinol palmitate. This way
  it would go straight to the chylomicrons and
  finally to the liver to meet
• Enzymes
• 1. esterases
• 2. oxidation

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Acute Hypervitaminosis

• What are the symptoms of acute hypervitaminosis
  of vitamin A?

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• Hannahs Headache
• VD (is) Vertigo/Diarrhea
• Very Vomiting
• Nasty Nausea

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• True or False
• Vitamin A is tetratogenic?

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• True

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• The visual pigment in the rods is known as
  _________.

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• Rhodopsin

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• Rhodopsin is formed from what?

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• Opsin
• 11-cis retinal

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• ______________ is the most tragic aspect of
  vitamin A deficiency. (Causes blindness). There
  are 3 10 million children with this condition.

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• Xerophthalmia
• Xer
• oph
• thalmia

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• What is the receptor for vitamin A?

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• Retinal Binding protein.

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• Why do patients with kwashiorkor and other
  protein malnutrition states have very low serum
  vitamin A levels?

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• There is a deficiency of the amino acids
  necessary to produce the retinal binding protein.

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• __________ results from delayed accommodation
  time. A deficiency of vitamin A means that there
  will be a lack of retinal to combine with the
  opsin.

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• Night Blindness
• Results from delayed accommodation time. A
  deficiency of vitamin A means that there will be
  a lack of retinal to combine with the opsin.

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Vitamin A

• Non-vitamin drug uses?

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• Bexarotene Refractory cutaneous T cell lymphoma.
• Tretinoin increasing the turnover of follicular
  epithelial cells and decreasing the cohesiveness
  of follicular epithelial cells.
• Isotretinoin (accutane) acne ?
• Adapalene binds to the retinoic acid nuclear
  receptor that modulates cell differentiation,
  keratinization and inflammatory responses.

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What am I
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• Retinal Used in Vision

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What am I?
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• Retinoic Acid used in cell differentiation.

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What am I
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• Retinol inactive commercial form.

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Who am I?
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• ?-carotene

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What Am I?
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• a-carotene

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Who am I?
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• ß-carotene

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• Your friend saw on Oprah that Vitamin A is now
  bad for a developing fetus. What would be the
  result of severely limiting the amount a
  developing fetus receives? (Yeah its a bad
  question but what the hell)

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• Retinoic acid now is considered a hormone that
  plays a pivotal role in cell differentiation in
  embryos.

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