19th and 20th Century history, politics and culture

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19th and 20th Century history, politics and
culture

• Hungarian rule
• World War I
• Serbian Domination
• World War II
• Titos Communism
• The war for Independence

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Catholicism in Croatia
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Ban Jelacic
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Russian Czar and his family
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Fin de Siecle into 20th century

• Austro-Hungarian Empire,
• Franz Josef, Emperor

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Fin de Siecle into 20th century

• 1895 Students burned the Hungarian flag in
  Zagreb
• Overseas immigration was very high
• Anti-Hungarian movement revived
• Law to establish Hungarian language on the
  railroads

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AUSTRO-HUNGARIAN EMPIRE1867 - 1916
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Fin de Siecle into 20th century Major Writers

• Matos, Cameo
• Kamov, On Native Ground
• Krleza, The Cricket Beneath the Water Fall
• Nazor, The Goddess
• Tadijanovic, An Open Window
• Ivana Brlic Mazuranic The Croatian Anderson

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1914 - 1918

• In 1914 Franz Josifs nephew was killed in
  Sarajevo Bosnia setting off the beginning of
  World War I
• .

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• After World War I, many Croatian, Slovenian,
  Serbian politicians, including Mestrovic
  emigrated and founded the Yugoslav Committee to
  persuade the Entente to prevent Italian
  annexation of parts of Croatia as promised in a
  secret London agreement

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Emigration of Croats to the US

• After World War I, many Croatian, Slovenian,
  Serbian politicians, including Mestrovic
  emigrated and founded the Yugoslav Committee to
  persuade the Entente to prevent Italian
  annexation of parts of Croatia as promised in a
  secret London agreement.
• Bust of Nikola Tesla in 1939

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1918 - 1941

• Attempts were made to unite the South Slaves
  which included in Serbs and Slovenes. They
  believed they could be more successful than their
  parents
• The attempt at unification ended in terrible
  animosity and bloodshed.
• In this state of internal turmoil, their
  neighbors were able to take over.

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THE WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE
The War for Independence
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In 1991, Croatia declared independence from
YugoslaviaFranko Tudman, President
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The War for Independence 1991-1996

• The European Commission urged a 3 month
  moratorium
• Serbian forces (from the former Yugoslav army)
  held one third of the country and most of the
  weaponry
• Ethnic cleansing ensued.

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• By December, several countries recognized
  Croatias independence
• In 1992, a UN Protection force came in to enforce
  a cease fire.
• The army moved to Bosnia and Herzegovia to take
  over that area
• Croatia joined the UN in May 1992
• The conflict ended with the Dayton Accord in
  1995

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• Christmas 1991 Slavko Mihalic
• Christmas eve, silence in the crib.
• If the people were real I would say that in such
• A night a standstill of time is quite natural. Or
• They are all convulsed at the scream of the
  sirens, of the first
• Explosions of the shells that are falling on the
  town again.
• But no, these are only pieces of wood carved
• With the unskilled peasants hand Jesus, Mary,
  Joseph,
• Three Wise Men, shepherds with their kettle, and
  high up
• A few angels fastened to the ceiling.
• One could not say of them that they are dying
• Of fear. They are only nobly watching our
• Sorrow, even our inability, the vast emptiness of
  the room
• Around the Christmas tree, the forlornness of the
  apples,
• Of the figs for which nobody is reaching.
• I feel that even the candle does not want to
  light.
• And in this silence, in this stillness, I know
  well
• That somebody will speak. That some wood in the
  crib
• Will cry my tears and that there will still be

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