Define WEATHERING

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Define WEATHERING
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A natural process that causes rocks to change,
breaks them down, and causes them to crumble.
Freezing and thawing, oxygen in the air, and even
plants and animals can affect the stability of
rock.
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What types of things can cause mechanical
weathering?
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4

• Wind
• Rain
• Ice
• Plants

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What is ICE WEDGING?
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A freezing and thawing cycle that breaks up
rocks. When it rains or snow melts, water seeps
into cracks in rocks. If the temperature drops
below freezing, ice crystals form. As the
crystals grow, they take up more space than the
water did because ice is less dense than water.
This expansion exerts pressure on the rocks. With
enough force, the rocks will crack further and
eventually break apart
7
Describe how chemical weathering differs in moist
and dry climates?
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It is rapid in tropical regions where it's moist
and warm most of the time. Because desert areas
have little rainfall and polar regions have low
temperatures, chemical weathering occurs slowly
in these areas
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Describe the relationship between weathering and
soil formation.
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10
Weathering breaks rock into smaller and smaller
pieces, such as sand, silt, and clay. These
smaller, loose pieces are called sediment. The
terms sand, silt, and clay are used to describe
specific sizes of sediment. Sediment then changes
gradually into soil. The formation of soil
depends upon the amount of weathering that occurs
in a specific place.
11
Define mechanical weathering and describe its
causes.
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Mechanical weathering occurs when rocks are
broken apart by physical processes. This means
that the overall chemical makeup of the rock
stays the same. Each fragment has characteristics
similar to the original rock. Growing plants,
burrowing animals, and expanding ice are some of
the things that can mechanically weather rock.
These physical processes produce enough force to
break rocks into smaller pieces.
13
Define chemical weathering and describe its
causes.
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14
Chemical weathering occurs when chemical
reactions dissolve the minerals in rocks or
change them into different minerals. This type of
weathering changes the chemical composition of
the rock, which can weaken the rock.