The Automobile

1
The Automobile
2
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US

3
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)

4
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)
• Fuel Economy (mpg)
• 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000

5
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)
• Fuel Economy (mpg)
• 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
• 12.4

6
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)
• Fuel Economy (mpg)
• 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
• 12.4 12.0

7
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)
• Fuel Economy (mpg)
• 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
• 12.4 12.0 13.3

8
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)
• Fuel Economy (mpg)
• 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
• 12.4 12.0 13.3 16.4

9
Passenger Vehicles in the U.S.

• 243 million cars in the US
• (more cars than drivers)
• 7.5 million cars sold annually
• (avg. sticker 30k vs. 25 avg paid)
• Fuel Economy (mpg)
• 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
• 12.4 12.0 13.3 16.4 16.9

10
What Constitutes Import?

• Foreign-owned, US Assembly

11
What Constitutes Import?

• Foreign-owned, US Assembly
• Honda, BMW, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi,
  Nissan, Subaru

12
What Constitutes Import?

• Foreign-owned, US Assembly
• Honda, BMW, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi,
  Nissan, Subaru
• Domestic Parts Content

13
What Constitutes Import?

• Foreign-owned, US Assembly
• Honda, BMW, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi,
  Nissan, Subaru
• Domestic Parts Content
• Toyota Sienna 85 US parts content
• Toyota Tundra 75 US parts content
• Ford Escape

14
What Constitutes Import?

• Foreign-owned, US Assembly
• Honda, BMW, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi,
  Nissan, Subaru
• Domestic Parts Content
• Toyota Sienna 85 US parts content
• Toyota Tundra 75 US parts content
• Ford Escape 65 US parts content

15
Effects of the Automobile

• Industries created/significantly affected

16
Effects of the Automobile

• Industries created/significantly affected
• Petrochemical, steel, rubber, motels, insurance,
  fast-food, fast-everything
• Infrastructure

17
Effects of the Automobile

• Industries created/significantly affected
• Petrochemical, steel, rubber, motels, insurance,
  fast-food, fast-everything
• Infrastructure
• 1921 387,000 miles US roads
• 1941 1,000,000 miles US roads
• Today 4,000,000 miles US roads

18
Effects of the Automobile

• Land Use

19
Effects of the Automobile

• Land Use
• Parking increase walking distances gt reduced
  walking-oriented places.

20
Effects of the Automobile

• Land Use
• Parking increase walking distances gt reduced
  walking-oriented places.
• Urban Society
• Eliminated public transportation turned it
  private.

21
Effects of the Automobile

• Land Use
• Parking increase walking distances gt reduced
  walking-oriented places.
• Urban Society
• Eliminated public transportation turned it
  private.
• Loss of pedestrian scale
• Loss of pedestrian interaction

22
Effects of the Automobile

• Suburban Society

23
Effects of the Automobile

• Suburban Society
• Decentralization (where is Downtown?)
• Increased ecological footprint.

24
Effects of the Automobile

• Suburban Society
• Decentralization (where is Downtown?)
• Increased ecological footprint.
• Individual Lifestyle

25
Effects of the Automobile

• Suburban Society
• Decentralization (where is Downtown?)
• Increased ecological footprint.
• Individual Lifestyle
• Family size function(car)

26
Effects of the Automobile

• Suburban Society
• Decentralization (where is Downtown?)
• Increased ecological footprint.
• Individual Lifestyle
• Family size function(car)
• Social Status

27
Effects of the Automobile

• Suburban Society
• Decentralization (where is Downtown?)
• Increased ecological footprint.
• Individual Lifestyle
• Family size function(car)
• Social Status
• Low access to shopping, recreation by poor and
  invalid

28
Effects of the Automobile

• Environmental Change

29
Effects of the Automobile

• Environmental Change
• 600 million cars, world wide
• 25 of world wide CO2

30
US Energy Policy

• Carter Admin

31
US Energy Policy

• Carter Admin Oil imports shall decline,
  beginning in 1977

32
US Energy Policy

• Carter Admin Oil imports shall decline,
  beginning in 1977
• 1970 10 dependence on foreign oil
• 2008 65 dependence on foreign oil
• 2015 (projected) 75 dependence

33
US Energy Policy

• Carter Admin Oil imports shall decline,
  beginning in 1977
• 1970 10 dependence on foreign oil
• 2008 65 dependence on foreign oil
• 2015 (projected) 75 dependence
• US consumes 7.6 Billion barrels per year
• 40 for automobiles

34
US Energy Policy

• Carter Admin Oil imports shall decline,
  beginning in 1977
• 1970 10 dependence on foreign oil
• 2008 65 dependence on foreign oil
• 2015 (projected) 75 dependence
• US consumes 7.6 Billion barrels per year
• 40 for automobiles
• US oil reserves 22 Billion barrels.

35
US Energy Policy

• 85 of US energy derived from fossil fuel

36
US Energy Policy

• 85 of US energy derived from fossil fuel
• Versus
• 78 of French electrical power derived from
  Nuclear.

37
US Energy Policy

• If Texas were a nation

38
US Energy Policy

• If Texas were a nation (it isnt?),

39
US Energy Policy

• If Texas were a nation (it isnt?), it would be
  the 7th largest CO2 emitting nation on Earth.