Cheddars Notes Chapter 7

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Cheddars NotesChapter 7

• Geography
• Mexico Today

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• Peninsulares and criolles dominated while
  mestizos had little power

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2

• Peninsulares and criolles continued to dominate
  after Mexico became independent.

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• Many of the settlers in Texas were from USA, no
  ties to Mexico

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• USA gains land in Northern Mexico (Texas)

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Chapter 7 Section 2

• Guided Reading

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Constitution of 1857

• Many reforms. Ended slavery and forced labor.
• Limited armys power in government
• Did not establish Catholicism as official
  religion.

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War of the Reform

• Weakened Mexico
• Led to debt, unemployment, and deaths
• Left country as an easy target for takeover

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Hacienda System

• Wealthy ranch owners held most of the land in
  Mexico
• Took even more land from village farmers in
  1880s-1890s.
• REVOLUTION many poor, landless people were
  eager to fight a revolution to change political
  and social system.

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Constitution of 1917

• Promised to distribute land more equally among
  Mexican people.
• Haciendas broken up during 1920-1940

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Section 3

• Guided Reading

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Privatization of Agriculture

• In 1992, new laws passed allowing farmers to vote
  to divide their community farms into private
  farms owned by individuals.

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Privatization of Business

• In the 1990s, the Mexican government began to
  privatize government-owned businesses
• Today, only few key industries such as the oil
  industry is owned by government

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Foreign Investment in Mexico

• During the 1990s, many foreign owned factories
  were built along border of USA and Mexico
• Import duty free parts from USA to make products
  that are then exported back across the border
• Low wages in Mexico

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Tourism

• 2nd largest business
• Warm weather
• Beaches
• Cancun, Mexico started as a resort
• Native American ruins

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Section 4

• Guided Reading

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Art and Artists

• Aztec, Spanish, and modern tradition influence
  cultural life
• Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo
• Octavio Paz

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City Life

• Mexico City, 2nd largest in the world (pop 18
  Million)
• Cultural center of Mexico
• Smog and traffic problems
• Rich and poor sharply divided

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Country Life

• Village life is centered around plaza and market
  day
• Many speak Native American languages as well as
  Spanish
• Poverty
• Education limited

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Holidays

• Independence Day, September 16 (Father Hidalgos
  call for independence)
• Day of Dead, November 1 and 2 (Honor loved ones
  whom have died)
• Fiestas are celebrated with parades, games, and
  feasts.