Department of Education

1
Department of Education

• A brief look

2
Department of Education

• Congress established the U.S. Department of
  Education (ED) on May 4, 1980, in the Department
  of Education Organization Act (Public Law 96-88
  of October 1979).

3

• Department of Education
• Mission Statement
• Establishing policies on federal financial aid
  for education, and distributing as well as
  monitoring those funds.
• Collecting data on America's schools and
  disseminating research.
• Focusing national attention on key educational
  issues.
• Prohibiting discrimination and ensuring equal
  access to education.

4

• History
• The original Department of Education was created
  in 1867
• The passage of the Second Morrill Act in 1890
  gave the then-named Office of Education
  responsibility for administering support for the
  original system of land-grant colleges and
  universities
• Vocational education became the next major area
  of Federal aid to schools, with the 1917
  Smith-Hughes Act
• The 1946 George-Barden Act focused on
  agricultural, industrial, and home economics
  training for high school students.

5

• World War II led to a significant expansion of
  Federal support for education.
• The Lanham Act in 1941 and the Impact Aid laws of
  1950 eased the burden on communities affected by
  the presence of military and other Federal
  installations by making payments to school
  districts.
• 1944, the "GI Bill" authorized postsecondary
  education assistance that would ultimately send
  nearly 8 million World War II veterans to
  college.

6

• The Cold War stimulated the first example of
  comprehensive Federal education legislation, when
  in 1958 Congress passed the National Defense
  Education Act (NDEA) in response to the Soviet
  launch of Sputnik.
• To help America compete with the Soviet Union in
  scientific and technical fields, the NDEA
  included support for loans to college students,
  the improvement of science, mathematics, and
  foreign language instruction in elementary and
  secondary schools, graduate fellowships, foreign
  language and area studies, and vocational-technica
  l training.

7
Anti-poverty and civil rights laws of the 1960s
and 1970s Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of
1964 Title IX of the Education Amendments of
1972 Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of
1973 which prohibited discrimination based on
race, sex, and disability These laws made civil
rights enforcement a fundamental and long-lasting
focus of the Department of Education
8

• In 1965
• Elementary and Secondary Education Act launched a
  comprehensive set of programs, including
• Title I program of Federal aid to disadvantaged
  children to address the problems of poor urban
  and rural areas.
• Higher Education Act authorized assistance for
  postsecondary education, including financial aid
  programs for needy college students.

9
Federal Role in Education

• It is States and communities, as well as public
  and private organizations of all kinds, that
  establish schools and colleges, develop
  curricula, and determine requirements for
  enrollment and graduation.

• Education is primarily a State and local
  responsibility in the United States.

10

• An estimated 909 billion is being spent
  nationwide on education at all levels for school
  year 2004-2005!
• About 90 percent comes from State, local, and
  private sources.
• The Federal contribution to national education
  expenditures is about 10

11

• This 10 percent includes educational expenditures
  not only from the Department of Education (ED)
  but also from these Federal agencies
• Department of Health and Human Services
• Head Start program
• Department of Agriculture's School Lunch program
• Once these expenditures are subtracted the Fed is
  contributing approximately 8 to the states
  education budgets!
• And by the way, if you think Education is sucking
  up a lot of funding, think about this

12
ED's 71.5 billion appropriation Equals
about 2.9 of the Federal Government's nearly
2.5 trillion budget in fiscal year 2005!
13

• The Department's elementary and secondary
  programs annually serve
• 14,600 school districts
• 54 million students
• 94,000 public schools
• 27,000 private schools

14

• Department programs also provide
• grant
• loan
• work-study assistance
• to nearly 9.9 million postsecondary students!

15
Link To The Department of Education
Organizational Structure http//www.ed.gov/ab
out/offices/or/index.html
16

• Main Offices which make up The Department of
  Education
• Office of the Secretary
• Office of the Deputy Secretary
• Office of the Under Secretary

17
Break Down of ED is as follows Management Of
fice of the Secretary Office of the Deputy
Secretary Office of the Under Secretary
Program Offices Federal Student Aid
Institute of Education Sciences Office for
Civil Rights Office of Elementary and Secondary
Education Office of English Language
Acquisition Office of Innovation and
Improvement Office of Postsecondary Education
Office of Safe and Drug-Free Schools Office
of Special Educational and Rehabilitative
Services Office of Vocational and Adult
Education Staff Offices Office of the Chief
Financial Officer Office of the Chief
Information Officer Office of Communications
and Outreach Office of the General Counsel
Office of Inspector General Office of
Legislation and Congressional Affairs Office of
Management Office of Planning, Evaluation and
Policy Development
18

• Three Offices to touch on
• Federal Student Aid
• Office of Inspector General
• Office for Civil Rights

19
FSA Financial Student Aid
Theresa S. ("Terri") Shaw assumed leadership of
Federal Student Aid (FSA) in the U.S. Department
of Education on September 16, 2002
20

• A Few Ways FSA serves the public
• Office to assist borrowers in resolving student
  loan issues
• students.gov
• Over 13 million students use the Free Application
  for Federal Student Aid
• AFSA on the Web
• The Direct Loan Program includes Stafford and
  PLUS
• Direct Loan website
• The Federal Student Aid Information Center helps
  students complete the application and provides
  the public with free information programs
• Financial Aid for Students
• A U.S. Government-wide initiative delivers
  electronic, web-based services from government
  agencies and organizations to postsecondary
  students
• Information for Financial Aid Professionals

21
Office of Inspector General John P. ("Jack")
Higgins, Jr. is the Inspector General of the U.S.
Department of Education. He was nominated by
President Bush on September 18, 2002, and
confirmed by the United States Senate on November
14, 2002.
22

• Inspector General
• Mission Statement
• Vision
• To promote the efficiency, effectiveness, and
  integrity of the Department's programs and
  operations, we conduct independent and objective
  audits, investigations, inspections, and other
  activities.
• To be a continual learning and improving
  organization
• One which appreciates, challenges, respects, and
  honors its employees
• One which serves as a change agent to encourage
  fiscal integrity and continuing improvement in
  program delivery and program effectiveness
• And one which seeks to achieve the highest level
  of customer satisfaction possible within our
  independent and objective role.

23
Office of Inspector General Report and
Resources Audit Reports Evaluation,
Inspection and Management Reports Congressional
Testimony Investigative Reports Semiannual
Reports Non-Federal Audits Freedom of
Information Act
24
Office of Civil Rights The OCR National
Headquarters is located at U.S. Department of
EducationOffice for Civil RightsCustomer
Service Team550 12th Street, SWWashington, D.C.
20202-1100
Key StaffJames Manning Delegated the
authority to perform the functions of Assistant
Secretary David Black Acting Deputy Assistant
Secretary for Enforcement Vacant Deputy
Assistant Secretary for Policy Susan Bowers
Enforcement Director for the East, Acting
Enforcement Director for the West Sandra Battle
Program Legal Group Director/Senior Counsel
Lester Slayton Resource Management Group
Director
25
Overview of the Agency The mission of the Office
for Civil Rights is to ensure equal access to
education and to promote educational excellence
throughout the nation through vigorous
enforcement of civil rights.
26
Department of Civil Rights We serve student
populations facing discrimination and the
advocates and institutions promoting systemic
solutions to civil rights problems.  An important
responsibility is resolving complaints of
discrimination
27

• The Office for Civil Rights enforces several
  Federal civil rights laws that prohibit
  discrimination in programs or activities that
  receive federal financial assistance from the
  Department of Education
• Discrimination on the basis of race, color, and
  national origin is prohibited by Title VI of the
  Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Sex discrimination is prohibited by Title IX of
  the Education Amendments of 1972
• Discrimination on the basis of disability is
  prohibited by Section 504 of the Rehabilitation
  Act of 1973
• Age discrimination is prohibited by the Age
  Discrimination Act of 1975

28
A complaint of discrimination can be filed by
anyone who believes that an education institution
that receives Federal financial assistance has
discriminated against someone on the basis of
race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or
age
29
Know Your rights!! OCR Complaint Process Sex
Discrimination Race and National Origin
Discrimination Age Discrimination Disability
Discrimination Boy Scouts of America Equal
Access Act OCR enforces several Federal civil
rights laws that prohibit discrimination in
programs or activities that receive Federal
financial assistance from the Department of
Education. These laws prohibit discrimination on
the basis of race, color, and national origin,
sex, disability, and on the basis of age. These
laws extend to all state education agencies,
elementary and secondary school systems, colleges
and universities, vocational schools, proprietary
schools, state vocational rehabilitation
agencies, libraries, and museums that receive
U.S. Department of Education funds. OCR also has
responsibilities under Title II of the Americans
with Disabilities Act of 1990 (prohibiting
disability discrimination by public entities,
whether or not they receive federal financial
assistance). In addition, as of January 8, 2002,
OCR enforces the Boy Scouts of America Equal
Access Act (Section 9525 of the Elementary and
Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended by
the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001). Under the
Boy Scouts of America Equal Access Act, no public
elementary or secondary school or State or local
education agency that provides an opportunity for
one or more outside youth or community groups to
meet on school premises or in school facilities
before or after school hours shall deny equal
access or a fair opportunity to meet to, or
discriminate against, any group officially
affiliated with the Boy Scouts of America, or any
other youth group listed in Title 36 of the
United States Code as a patriotic society.
30
Thats The End!