Certificates of Airworthiness

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CertificatesofAirworthiness
Peter Corbeel Rulemaking Directorate
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Certificate of Airworthiness (CoA)

• Overview
• Introduction / General
• Issue of CoA for new aircraft from EU
• Transfer of used aircraft within EU
• Import of aircraft from non-EU countries
• New
• Used

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CoA Introduction

• Principles
• Issuance and continued validity covered by
  Part-21 Subparts H in Section A and B Forms 25
  and 15
• CoA when conforming to (EASA) TC
• Unlimited duration validity controlled through
  Airworthiness Review Certificate
• Easy transfer within EU (EU Treaty)
• Export covered by bilaterals only
• Bilaterals can override Part-21

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CoA Introduction

• Problems
• Subpart H has no AMC/GM (except for Section B)
• No escape clause for special cases (except
  article 14)
• Bilaterals not always clear on what can be
  accepted

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CoA General

• EASA Form 25 CoA
• Dimensions DIN A5
• Block 2 manufacturer and designation of aircraft
  in accordance with EASA TC
• Block 4 Categories see letter to NAAs (to
  become GM)
• Block 5, Limitations/remark information coming
  from Agency TC
• English translation

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CoA General

• Grandfathering/transition
• CoA issued by NAA before 28-09-03 were deemed to
  be issued in accordance with Part-21
• NAAs could issue CoA of limited duration till
  28-09-08

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CoA General

• Continued validity
• 21A.181
• Compliance with type design and continuing
  airworthiness requirements
• TC still valid
• 21B.330
• NAA shall suspend/revoke if conditions of 21A.181
  are not met

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• CoA for new aircraft
• from within EU

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CoA for new aircraft from EU

• Applicable rules
• 21A.174(a), (b)2 and (c) Application
• 21A.175 Language
• 21A.183.1 Issue of CoA, but also 21A.163(b) POA
  privileges
• 21B.320 Investigation
• 21B.325(a) and (b) Issue of CoA
• 21B.345 Record keeping

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CoA for new aircraft from EU

• Application
• Application form (established by NAA)
• Statement of Conformity Form 52
• Weight balance report loading schedule
• Flight Manual
• No other documents can be required

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CoA for new aircraft from EU

• 21A.183.1 Issue of CoA
• (i) Check application documents
• (ii)
• conformity and condition for safe operation
  covered by Statement of Conformity
• possible inspection? Respect 21A.163(b) only
  aircraft and available documents
• Statement of Conformity Form 52
• Weight balance report loading schedule
• Flight Manual

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CoA for new aircraft from EU

• 21B.325 Issue of CoA
• NAA shall issue CoA if conditions of Section A
  Subpart H are met
• NAA shall also issue initial Airworthiness Review
  Certificate (Form 15a)

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• CoA for used aircraft
• from within EU

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CoA for used aircraft from EU

• Applicable rules
• 21A.174(a) and (b)3. Application
• 21A.175 Language
• 21A.179(a)2. Transferability
• 21B.320 Investigation
• 21B.325(a) Issue of CoA
• 21B.345 Record keeping

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CoA for used aircraft from EU

• Application
• Application form (established by NAA)
• Valid ARC (can also be one which is issued in
  accordance with Part -21)
• Before issuance
• CoA from other NAA
• 21A.175 is complied with
• No other documents can be required

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CoA for used aircraft from EU

• Article 10.5 exemptions Until Part M is fully
  applicable CoA of limited duration is considered
  equivalent to COA of limited duration ARC
• 21A.183 not applicable
• Old ARC remains valid but needs to be amended to
  list the new registration
• Except national ARCs see next slide (FKN)
• Transfer of unairworthy aircraft is possible

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Transfer of aircraft between Member States

• Once the ARC has been issued after importation
  from a third country, the new operator shall
  comply with Part-M, in particular with M.A.305.
  The aircraft shall freely circulate within the EU
  Member States in accordance with M.A.903.
• One exception
• Aircraft having a national ARC as follows
• For aircraft involved in commercial air
  transport, a national ARC issued prior to 28
  September 2008 (will be valid until 28 September
  2009 or until expiration, whichever comes first).
• For aircraft not involved in commercial air
  transport, a national ARC issued following the
  new article 3.4 contained in Regulation
  1056/2008.

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• CoA for new aircraft
• from outside EU

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CoA for new aircraft from outside EU

• Applicable rules
• 21A.174(a), (b)2 and (c) Application
• 21A.175 Language
• 21A.183.1 Issue of CoA, but taking into account
  bilateral agreements
• 21B.320 Investigation
• 21B.325(a) and (b) Issue of CoA
• 21B.345 Record keeping

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CoA for new aircraft from outside EU

• Application
• Application form (established by NAA)
• Statement by exporting Authority that aircraft
  conforms to EASA TC
• Weight balance report loading schedule
• Flight Manual

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CoA for new aircraft from outside EU

• 21A.183.1 Issue of CoA
• (i) Check application documents
• (ii) conformity and condition for safe operation
  possible inspection taking into account the
  applicable bilateral agreement
• Next slide 2042/2003 (FKN)

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CoA for new aircraft from outside EU
According to Regulation 2042/2003 as amended by
Regulation 1056/2008 of 27 October 2008, an
airworthiness review is not required for new
aircraft imported from a third country
(M.A.904(a)2).
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CoA for new aircraft from outside EU

• 21B.325 Issue of CoA
• NAA shall issue CoA if conditions of Section A
  Subpart H are met
• NAA shall also issue initial Airworthiness Review
  Certificate (Form 15a)

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• CoA for used aircraft
• from outside EU

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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• Applicable rules
• 21A.174(a), (b)3 and (c) Application
• 21A.175 Language
• 21A.183.1 Issue of CoA, but taking into account
  bilateral agreements
• 21B.320 Investigation
• 21B.325(a) and (b) Issue of CoA
• 21B.345 Record keeping

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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• Application
• Application form (established by NAA)
• Statement by exporting Authority regarding
  airworthiness status of aircraft
• Weight balance report loading schedule
• Flight Manual
• Historical records
• Recommendation for issuance of CoA after
  airworthiness review

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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• Statement by exporting Authority regarding
  airworthiness status of aircraft is a must
• Can be export CoA
• Can also be recent CoA
• However Danish article 14.6 (10.5) exemption
• Approved by Commission 21.06.2006
• Alternative to statement by exporting authority
  TC holder certifies that aircraft is in
  compliance with TC, endorsed by State of Design

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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• Historical records
• Production standard initial CoA or export CoA
• Modification standard changes, STCs and repairs
  incorporated
• Maintenance standard see presentation by
  Frederic Knecht (after this slide)
• However Danish article 14.6 (10.5) exemption
• Missing history regarding maintenance can be
  compensated by maintenance bridging check

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• CURRENT REQUIREMENTS
• M.A.305(b) The aircraft continuing airworthiness
  record system shall contain
• Aircraft log book.
• Engine log book(s) or engine module log cards.
• Propeller log book(s).
• Log cards for service life limited components.
• Operators technical log.
• Service life limited component This covers not
  only those components with a life limit but also
  those with a maintenance schedule.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• CURRENT REQUIREMENTS
• M.A.305(c) The aircraft log book shall contain
• Aircraft type and registration mark.
• Dates, flight time, flight cycles, landings.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• CURRENT REQUIREMENTS
• M.A.305(d) The aircraft continuing airworthiness
  record system shall contain the current
• Status of ADs and other safety measures.
• Status of modifications and repairs.
• Status of compliance with the maintenance
  programme.
• Status of service life limited components.
• Mass and balance report.
• List of deferred maintenance.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• Currently, M.A.305(e) contains the records and
  information required for any installed component.
• However, Opinion 06/2005 (still pending
  Commission approval) proposed to limit these
  requirements to engines, propellers, engine
  modules and service life limited components.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• M.A.305(e) as amended by Opinion 06/2005 requires
  the following documents and information
• EASA Form 1 or equivalent.
• Identification of the component.
• The type, serial number and registration, as
  appropriate, of the aircraft, engine, propeller,
  engine module or service life limited component
  to which the particular component has been
  fitted, along with the reference to the removal
  and installation of the component.
• The date together with the particular component
  accumulated total flight time and/or flight
  cycles and/or calendar time, as appropriate.
• The information contained in M.A.305(d).

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• M.A.305(h) as amended by Opinion 06/2005 requires
  the following records to be kept during the
  following periods
• All detailed maintenance records in respect of
  the aircraft and any service life limited
  component fitted thereto, at least 24 months
  after the aircraft or component was permanently
  withdrawn from service. Until such time as the
  information contained therein is superseded by
  new information equivalent in scope and detail
  but not less than 24 months after the aircraft or
  component has been released to service.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• M.A.305(h)....
• The total time in service (hours, calendar time,
  cycles and landings) and flight cycles as
  appropriate of the aircraft and all life limited
  components, at least 12 months after the aircraft
  or component has been permanently withdrawn from
  service.
• The time and flight cycles as appropriate , since
  last scheduled maintenance of the component
  subjected to a service life limit, at least until
  the component scheduled maintenance has been
  superseded by another scheduled maintenance of
  equivalent work scope and detail.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• M.A.305(h)....
• The current status of compliance with the
  maintenance programme such that compliance with
  the approved aircraft maintenance programme can
  be established, at least until the aircraft or
  component scheduled maintenance has been
  superseded by other scheduled maintenance of
  equivalent work scope and detail.
• The current status of ADs applicable to the
  aircraft and components, at least 12 months after
  the aircraft or component has been permanently
  withdrawn from service.
• Details of current modifications and repairs of
  the aircraft, engine(s), propeller(s) and any
  other component vital to flight safety, at least
  12 months after they have been permanently
  withdrawn from service.

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Aircraft continuing airworthiness record system
M.A.305

• KEY POINTS EXTRACTED FROM M.A.305 (as modified by
  Opinion 06/2005)
• The EASA Form 1 or equivalent must be retained as
  part of the aircraft continuing airworthiness
  records only for engines, propellers, engine
  modules and service life limited components.
• This must be retained by the operator until the
  maintenance action has been superseded by a new
  action equivalent in scope and detail, but not
  less than 24 months since the maintenance action
  was released.
• NOTE This requirement is different and
  independent from the one contained in 145.A.55,
  where the maintenance organisation shall retain
  during 2 years since the release to service all
  detailed maintenance records of the aircraft or
  any component.

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Import of a used aircraft from a third country

• The M.A.305 requirements described before are
  only applicable to aircraft contained in Article
  1 of 2042/2003, that is
• Aircraft registered in a Member State, or
• Aircraft registered in a third country and used
  by an operator for which a Member State ensures
  oversight of operations.
• As a consequence, they are not applicable to the
  previous life of an aircraft being imported into
  the EU (as long as it was not used by an EU
  operator). This means that
• An EASA Form 1 or equivalent can not be expected
  for the installed components.
• Other releases to service or serviceable tags
  may be acceptable to the importing competent
  authority, depending on possible bilateral
  arrangements with the exporting country.
• Missing information will be subject to a
  bridging programme, proposed by the CAMO issuing
  the recommendation and agreed by the authority
  (may include re-certification of components).

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Import of a used aircraft from a third country
The position of the Agency is that these records
should only be requested for engines, propellers
and service life limited components, not being
required for on-condition components.
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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• Aircraft can be in unairworthy condition at time
  of export
• Need to be addressed on statement by exporting
  authority
• Statement to include exception(s) or waiver(s)
• Recommendation for issuance of CoA can only be
  made when aircraft is airworthy

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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• 21A.183.2 Issue of CoA
• (i)
• application documents shall confirm that aircraft
  conforms to TC, STC approved repairs and
  applicable ADs
• Inspected in accordance with Part M
• (ii) conformity and condition for safe operation
  possible inspection taking into account the
  applicable bilateral agreement

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CoA for used aircraft from outside EU

• 21B.325 Issue of CoA
• NAA shall issue CoA if conditions of Section A
  Subpart H are met
• NAA shall also issue initial Airworthiness Review
  Certificate (Form 15a)

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• END