BASICS OF INJURY REHABILITATION

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BASICS OF INJURY REHABILITATION

• Chapter 12

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Introduction

• Rehabilitation of athletic injuries through
  programs utilizing progressive therapeutic
  exercises, is a major responsibility of the
  athletic trainer.
• Today athletic trainers must perform
  rehabilitation programs on athletes in the
  traditional setting, as well as in the clinical
  setting on the non-traditional athlete.

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Therapeutic Exercise Versus Conditioning Exercise
Programs

• Effects of General Inactivity Immobilization on
  the Body
• Effects on Muscle
• Effects on Joints
• Effects on Cardiorespiratory System

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Major Components of a Rehabilitation Program

• Minimizing Swelling
• Controlling Pain
• Restoring Range of Motion
• Physiological versus Accessory Movements
• Restoring Muscular Strength, Endurance and Power

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Types of Exercises

• Isometric Exercises
• Isotonic Exercises
• Progressive Resistive Exercises
• Concentric and Eccentric Exercises
• Isokinetic Exercises
• Testing Strength, Endurance Power
• Reestablishing Proprioception

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Rehab of a ligament

• assess degree of injury
• immobilize joint (all ankles, shoulders,
  wrists, etc.) For first 48 hours
• place injured ligament in shortened position in
  order to heal as close to pre-stretched length
  as possible (mid-range of joint)
• controlled range of motion for healing to occur
  along the lines of stress (pain free range of
  motion exercises)
• controlled strengthening exercises (need to
  move out of mid range to stress inert and
  contractile t tissue)
•  

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Rehab of Strains (must be pain free)

• PIER
• assess degree of injury
• gradual increase in stretching of injured muscle
  (must be pain free)
• gradual increase in strengthening of injured
  muscle (isometric, isokinetic, isotonic)
• gradual return to activity - sport specific
  exercises
• proprioceptive exercise
• maintain CV fitness
• maintain joint above and below, opposite limb and
  rest of body

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Treatment for Tendonitis

• Rest, PIER
• find cause and make appropriate adjustments
• recognise signs and symptoms early to prevent
  condition from worsening
• gradual stretch and strength
• must do eccentric loading for complete recovery
• sport specific activity and gradual return to
  sport

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Treatment for Contusions

• PIER
• restricted movement
• treat as strain after acute phase

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Developing a Rehab Plan

• Exercise Phases
• Controlling Mobility during Rehabilitation
• Adhering to a Rehabilitation Program
• Criteria for Full Return to Activity

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Additional Approaches

• Open versus Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise
• Aquatic Exercise
• PNF Techniques and Patterns
• Joint Mobilization and Traction
• Mobilization Techniques

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Summary

• Athletic Trainers use of Rehabilitation
• Effects of Inactivity Immobilization
• Major Components of a Rehab Program
• Developing a Rehabilitation Plan
• Additional/Unusual Approaches to Rehabilitation
  and Uses of Therapeutic Exercises