Elementary School Physical Education

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Elementary SchoolPhysical Education

• Developmentally Appropriate, Quality Physical
  Education for All Children

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Outcomes of Quality Physical Education

• A Physically Educated Person
• Has skills
• Is physically fit
• Does participate regularly
• Knows the implications and benefits of exercise
• Values physical activity and its contributions
  to health
• Benchmarks

Published by NASPE in 1992
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Moving into the Future

• Content standards for PE
• Example benchmarks
• Assessments strategies
• Alternative Assessments - non-traditional
• Authentic Assessments - mimic real-life

Published by NASPE in 1995, 2004
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Objectives of Physical Education

• Unique
• 1. Motor Skills and Movement Competence
• 2. Understanding Human Movement Principles
• 3. Lifetime Activity Skills
• Shared
• 4. Personal Health Wellness Skills
• 5. Positive Social Skills

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Objectives of Physical Education

• 1. Motor Skills and Movement Competence
• 2. Understanding Human Movement Principles
• 3. Lifetime Activity Skills
• 4. Personal Health Wellness Skills
• 5. Positive Social Skills

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Motor Skills and Movement Competence

• Specialized Motor Skills
• Gymnastic Skills
• Game Skills
• Sports Skills

• Fundamental Motor Skills
• Locomotor skills
• Non-locomotor skills
• Manipulative skills
• Body management skills
• Rhythmic skills

• Movement Concept Skills
• Space Awareness
• Body Awareness
• Qualities of Movement
• Relationships of Movement

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Motor Skills and Movement Competence

• Specialized Motor Skills
• Gymnastic Skills
• Game Skills
• Sports Skills

• Fundamental Motor Skills
• Locomotor skills
• Non-locomotor skills
• Manipulative skills
• Body management skills
• Rhythmic skills

• Movement Concept Skills
• Space Awareness
• Body Awareness
• Qualities of Movement
• Relationships of Movement

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Movement Concept Skills

• Space Awareness - where body can move
• In what directions, on what levels
• General or personal space
• Pathways
• Planes
• Levels

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Movement Concept Skills

• Body Awareness what the body can do
• The shapes it can make
• How it can balance or weight bearing
• Transferring weight to different body parts
• Flight

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Movement Concept Skills

• Qualities of Movement - how the body moves
• Time or Speed - accelerate, decelerate,
  relationship between body and speed
• Force - light, heavy, strong, weak, gentle, rough
• Flow - smooth, sustained, rough, interrupted

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Movement Concept Skills

• Relationship of Movements - with what and with
  whom the body can move
• Among body parts
• With objects
• With people
• With objectsand people

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Motor Skills and Movement Competence

• Specialized Motor Skills
• Gymnastic Skills
• Game Skills
• Sports Skills

• Fundamental Motor Skills
• Locomotor skills
• Non-locomotor skills
• Manipulative skills
• Body management skills
• Rhythmic skills

• Movement Concept Skills
• Space Awareness
• Body Awareness
• Qualities of Movement
• Relationships of Movement

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Fundamental Motor Skills

• Locomotor Skills - transport the body from place
  to place
• Walking, running, hopping, skipping, jumping,
  galloping, sliding, leaping

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Fundamental Motor Skills

• Nonlocomotor Skills - (Stability Skills) -
  maintaining balance in a variety of circumstances
• Bending, turning, twisting, rocking, swaying,
  balancing, pushing, pulling, stretching
• Rolling - problematic as nonlocomotor skill

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Fundamental Motor Skills

• Manipulative Skills - handling objects
• Propulsion, Reception, Redirecting, Continuous
  Control
• Striking, throwing, dribbling, kicking, rolling,
  volleying, catching, trapping, punting

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Manipulative Skills

• Propulsion giving impetus
• Reception stopping an object
• Redirecting changing objects direction
• Continuous Control e.g., dribbling

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Fundamental Motor Skills

• Body Management Skills
• Efficient movement in a variety of situations
• Demands integration of agility, coordination,
  balance and flexibility

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Fundamental Motor Skills

• Rhythmic Skills
• Moving the body in time with an internal and/or
  external beat
• All movement is rhythmic in nature

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Motor Skills and Movement Competence

• Specialized Motor Skills
• Gymnastic Skills
• Game Skills
• Sports Skills

• Fundamental Motor Skills
• Locomotor skills
• Non-locomotor skills
• Manipulative skills
• Body management skills
• Rhythmic skills

• Movement Concept Skills
• Space Awareness
• Body Awareness
• Qualities of Movement
• Relationships of Movement

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Specialized Motor Skills

• Gymnastic Skills
• Contribute to body management
• Simple forms of rolling and balancing and
  followed by specialized gymnastics

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Specialized Motor Skills

• Game Skills - used in simple games of low
  organization and lead-up games

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Specialized Motor Skills

• Sports Skills - used in games with extensive
  rules and organization

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Objectives of Physical Education

• 1. Motor Skills and Movement Competence
• 2. Understanding Human Movement Principles
• 3. Lifetime Activity Skills
• 4. Personal Health Wellness Skills
• 5. Positive Social Skills

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Understanding Human Movement Principles

• Stability, force, leverage, other factors related
  to efficient movement
• Physics, Biomechanics, Kinesiology
• How the body reacts to exercise
• Physiology of exercise
• Information related to effective performance
• Example - The Principles of Aiming
• Example 5 Fundamentals of Movement

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Principles of Aiming

• Thrower stationary Target stationary
• Aim at target
• Thrower stationary Target moving
• Aim ahead of target
• Thrower moving Target stationary
• Aim behind target
• Thrower moving Target moving
• Aim at target

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5 Fundamentals of Movement

• Opposition
• Objective Focus
• Follow-through
• Conservation of Energy
• Total Body Concept

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Understanding Human Movement Principles

• Physical activity and good health
• Assessing personal physical fitness and activity
  levels
• Planning activity programs and making informed
  decisions

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Objectives of Physical Education

• 1. Motor Skills and Movement Competence
• 2. Understanding Human Movement Principles
• 3. Lifetime Activity Skills
• 4. Personal Health Wellness Skills
• 5. Positive Social Skills

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The Ultimate Goal of Physical Education

• That students incorporate some form of physical
  activity into their lives now, and in the future

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The Ultimate Goal of Physical Education

• That students incorporate some form of physical
  activity into their lives now, and in the future

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Lifetime Activity Skills

• Human behavior is influenced by 4 factors
• Psychological, Social, Physical Environment,
  Biological
• Psychological factors are often most important
• Students who enjoy physical activity are more
  likely to seek activity in the future
• Adults tend not to participate in activities
  unless they have a perceived level of competence

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Objectives of Physical Education

• 1. Motor Skills and Movement Competence
• 2. Understanding Human Movement Principles
• 3. Lifetime Activity Skills
• 4. Personal Health Wellness Skills
• 5. Positive Social Skills

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Personal Health Wellness Skills
PE ? Health ? Wellness

• The focus of PE is on the process of activity
  rather than the product of fitness, health or
  wellness
• Knowledge is not enough
• Many people know their bad habits harm their
  health, but continue them anyway
• Many people know that activity is necessary for
  good health but are inactive anyway

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Personal Health Wellness Skills
PE ? Health ? Wellness

• Substitution of a knowledge-based program at the
  expense of activity is inappropriate
• Some aspects of wellness are best emphasized in
  PE classes
• Development of personal level of physical fitness
• Other aspects are less appropriate to the
  activity setting
• Alcohol, tobacco, substance abuse, diseases

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Personal Health Wellness Skills
PE ? Health ? Wellness

• If health and wellness are taught in physical
  education then health/wellness discussions should
  be limited to 5 minute sessions
• Integration of PE, health, and wellness is good
• Signals students that physical education, health
  and wellness are all important and all
  interrelated

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Personal Health Wellness Skills
Physical Fitness

• A portion of each PE lesson should be allotted to
  fitness
• Keep fitness fun
• Dont win a battle only to lose the war
• Allow students choices in activity
• Foster participation at school and at home
• Students must experience proper fitness programs
  to know what is required for fitness development

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Objectives of Physical Education

• 1. Motor Skills and Movement Competence
• 2. Understanding Human Movement Principles
• 3. Lifetime Activity Skills
• 4. Personal Health Wellness Skills
• 5. Positive Social Skills

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Positive Social Skills

• PE Offers a Good Context for Social Development
• Students need to learn merits of
• Cooperation - will be specifically addressed
  later
• Competition
• Tolerance
• Fair-Play
• Students learn acceptable unacceptable ways of
  expressing feelings
• Students learn from the hidden curriculum

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Elementary SchoolPhysical Education

• Developmentally Appropriate, Quality Physical
  Education for All Children

The End