FDR AS PRESIDENT

1
FDR AS PRESIDENT

• 1933-45

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PHILOSOPHY OF FDR

• Mix of Hamilton and Jefferson
• Increased power of the Presidency
• President as a broker between competing
  interests
• Increased role of government
• Liberalism-pro labor
• Federal Government is morally bound to help
  citizens
• Use of a Brain Trust cabinet to help
• Pragmatismnot an idealist like Wilson
• Use of media to get to everyday citizens

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FIRST 100 DAYS

• FDR called for a special session of Congress
• Proposes many bills
• President becomes a Legislative Leader not
  Congress
• Alphabet soup of programs
• 1st New DealRelief of Unemployment 1933-35
• 2nd New DealReform 1935-37
• Focus on 3 RsRelief, Recovery Reform

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NEW DEAL PROGRAMS

• See chart
• PEOPLE OF THE NEW DEAL
• Francis Perkins
• Harry Hopkins
• Harold Ickes
• Robert Wagner
• Eleanor Roosevelt

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CRITICS OF THE NEW DEAL

• Huey LongShare the Wealth program
• Dr. Francis TownsendSeniors Program
• Father Charles Coughlin-Social Justice
• Hoover

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OTHER CONCERNS DURING NEW DEAL

• Dust BowlArkansas/Oklahoma
• Many migrate to California
• Indian Reorganization Act of 1934
• Labor Changes
• Increased Unionization
• John L. Lewis forms CIO for car steel industry
• 4 mil members by 1940

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1936 Election

• FDR vs. Rep. Alf Landon
• Landon fight the Socialism of the New Deal with
  American Liberty League
• FDRRemembers the Forgotten Man
• 20th Amendment
• Changes Inauguration to January
• Gets rid of Lame Duck period
• FDR wins big

8
1937 Court Packing Scheme

• Add a new Justice for every one over 70 yrs. Old
• dislike court declaring NIRA AAA
  unconstitutional
• A switch in time saves nine
• Justice Roberts starts to vote for liberal New
  Deal policies
• FDR-power hungry
• Makes 9 appointments without changing SC

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FDR AS AUTOCRAT

• FDRwants to reorganize govt 1937
• Defeated
• 1939Reorganization Actlimited reform
• Creates Executive Office in the White House
• 1940Hatch Act-
• Federal employees cant actively campaign or
  get
• laterlimited campaign contributions expenses
• 1938Congressional electionsRepublicans win seats

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ROOSEVELT RECESSION 1937

• 15 Unemployment
• Cut government spending, increased taxes-------
• Decrease of disposable income
• Creates a Recession
• managed currency with a balanced budget
• Impossible to balance the budget

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RESULTS OF THE NEW DEAL

• National debt from 19.5 bill in 1932 to 40.4
  bill in 1939 (258 in 1945)
• Critics arguetoo much socialism, too many
  handouts
• New Deal was a band-aid
• FDR-helped the starving people of US
• Bold reform without bloody revolution
• Increased Pres. power