Public Speaking

1
Public Speaking

• Book pp. 250 331
• Chapters 11, 12, 13
• Natalie B. Bryant

2
Why Study Public Speaking?

• The most important thing I learned in school was
  how to communicate.You can have brilliant ideas,
  but if you cant get them across, your brains
  wont get you anywhere.
• Lee Iacocca

3
Before the Speech
Your Unfocused Ideas
4
Please see an example of an audience
analysis questionnaire on page 76 of your
PowerPoint.
5

• Audience
• Positions
• Demographics
• Knowledge Level
• Attitudes
• Size of Group
• Reason for
• attending

6

• Occasion
• Facilities
• Time
• Context

7

• Speaker
• Purpose
• Inform
• Persuade
• Entertain
• Topic Choice
• Knowledge

8
Clear Idea
9
Generating Ideas

• Brainstorming
• Self generated
• Audience generated
• Occasion generated
• Visual Brainstorming
• Spidergrams

10
Sample Spidergram
Intramurals
TNL
Dorms
Meal Plans
Game Room
Basketball Games
Registration
Student Activities
SPC
Financial AID
Dances
Fitness Center
Degree Plans
Clubs
Orientation
Scholarships
Campus Ambassadors
11
Selecting Your Topic workbook p. 10

• Present Understanding of Topic
• Self Interest
• Audience Interest/Need
• Research Availability
• Time Allotted

12
Individual Informative Speech

• See p. 8 workbook
• Topic Choice
• 5 7 minutes
• 5 outside sources of 3 types
• 1 sensory aid
• 1 outline, bibliography, VA list

13
Researching Your Topic

• 1. Assess personal knowledge
• 2. Develop a research plan
• What information do I need?
• Where am I most likely to find it?

14
Research

• Magazines / Journals
• Newspapers
• Government Documents
• Books

• Reference Works
• Interviews
• Writing or Calling
• Electronic Media

15
Research

• 3. Collect/Record your data
• note cards
• photocopy
• tape record

16
What to look for in your Research Verbal
Supports

• Explanations
• Comparisons
• Illustrations
• Examples

• Statistics
• Expert Opinions
• Testimonials
• Definitions

You must show your research and reasoning.
17
Oral Footnotes

• See Workbook p. 11

18
Research

• 4. Evaluate your information
• credibility test
• Is there enough evidence?
• Is the evidence clear?

19
Credibility Test

• Is the evidence consistent with other sources?
• Is the source competent/recognized?
• Is the source unprejudiced?
• Is the evidence recent?

20
Determine Method of Delivery

• Manuscript
• Memorized
• Extemporaneous
• note card outline
• visual aid outline
• Impromptu

21
Stages of Outlining

• Working outline storyboard
• Book pp. 263 - 265
• Formal outline example in workbook p. 9, turned
  in to instructor
• Speaking outline on note card

22
Speech Organization for a5 to 7 Minute Speech

• Introduction (30 to 45 seconds)
• Body (5 to 5 1/2 minutes)
• Conclusion (30 to 45 seconds)

23
Basic Speech Outline

• I. Introduction
• A. Attention Getting Device
• statistics, rhetorical question, joke, story,
  example, paraphrase, demo
• B. Justification
• C. Thesis workbook p. 12
• D. Preview Major Points

24
Prepare Introduction
An introduction contains four main steps . . .
Capture attention of listeners Motivate audience
to listen/Justification Thesis Preview
Sample Introduction
How would you rate this introduction?
25
Organization (cont.)

• Transitional signpost (Lets begin with)
• Body - prepare first
• A. Point 1 (support, summarize)
• Transitional signpost (Secondly)
• B. Point 2 (support, summarize)
• Transitional signpost (Finally)
• C. Point 3 (support, summarize)
• Transitional signpost (In summary)

26
Organization

• III. Conclusion
• A. Review major points
• B. Tie back to attention getting
  device
• C. Strong, Memorable Close

27
Prepare Conclusion
A conclusion contains three main steps . . .

• Summary
• Tie Back to AG
• Closing thought or statement

Sample Conclusion
How would you rate this conclusion?
28
Functions of Transitions workbook p. 13

• Keep audience on track and interested
• Show movement between points
• Show relationship between points

29
Content of Transition

• Signpost (1st, 2nd, additionally, finally)
• Show relationship with other points (Also, on the
  other hand)
• State point (Use same tagline as in the preview
  of major points.)

30
Organization of Major Point

• The 4 Ss

• 1. Signpost
• 2. State
• 3. Support
• 4. Summarize

31
Organizational Patterns for Body of Informative
Speech

• Chronological
• Spatial
• Cause-Effect
• Problem-Solution
• Topical

32
Sensory Aids workbook p. 14
33
Importance of Sensory Aids

• Meets the needs of different learning styles
• Increases clarity/reinforces impact
• Keeps audience attention
• Keeps speaker organized dynamic

34
Criteria for Creating Effective Aids

• visibility
• clarity
• simplicity
• control

35
Sensory Aid Usage

• Must be a Need
• Professionalism of Aid should match that of the
  audience
• Conceal - Reveal - Conceal
• Talk to audience not the VA

36
Sensory Aid Usage

• Refer to it
• Gesture with hand closest to the aid
• Never turn your back to the audience
• VA should not become the speaker

37
Types of Sensory Aids

• Objects - Physicals
• actual
• model

38
Types of Aids

• Graphics
• handouts
• magnetic board
• posters
• pictures

39
Types of Aids

• Projections
• document camera
• transparencies

40
Types of Aids

• Audio/Visuals
• VCR/Tape Recorder
• Computerized Displays
• PowerPoint (see PowerPoint page 79 Book 324 -
  331)

41
Delivery
Workbook p. 15
42
Delivery Considerations

• Verbal/Vocal review Unit 1
• Nonverbal
• Dress effectively
• Step up with confidence
• Get set before beginning
• Establish eye contact before speaking

43
Nonverbal

• Relax, move naturally - without distractions
• Weight evenly distributed
• Feet under shoulders
• Gesture
• Try 3 point stance triangle
• Dont pack up and leave early

44
Good Listening Good Evaluating
Workbook p. 16
45
Evaluating a Speech

• Determine areas to be critiqued
• Descriptive and Evaluative
• Positives should equal constructive criticism

46
Critiques

• Give specifics
• if needs improvement, explain why and make a
  recommendation
• if good, explain why

47
Critique (cont.)

• Focus on the speech, not the person
• Be sincere and constructive for improvement
• Bryants Evaluation form wkbk. 17
• Peer Evaluation forms wkbk. 18 - 21
• Self Evaluation form wkbk p. 22

48
Anxiety Stagefright - Book

• Situational p. 128
• Trait p. 131
• See Technology Update p. 130 if you feel you
  have high levels of nervousness. Read and try
  strategies recommended outside of class.

49
Watch Speeches and Practice Writing Critique
50
(No Transcript)