Formulating

1
Formulating Implementing Political Strategies

• Picking a Political Strategy Depends on the
  Payoff AND your Ability to Carry it off

2
Implementation Measures

• Communication and Public Advocacy
• Testimony
• Lobbying
• Electoral Support
• Grassroots Activities
• Coalition Building
• Political Entrepreneurship
• Judicial Strategies

3
Communication and Public Advocacy

• Communicating to the Elected Officials and the
  Public through the Media
• Get the Medias Attention
• advertising
• Frame the Message
• Convey the Message
• Drawbacks Costly, Weak on Closure

4
Public Testimonybefore Legislative Committees,
Administrative Agencies, Courts

• Advantages Full presentation of your case,
  including evidence evaluation of policy
  alternatives, including your predictions of
  consequences, your policy prescription DIRECTLY
  TO DECISION MAKERS
• Drawbacks X examination, other sides, zingers

5
Lobbying (A)Provision of Private Information to
Government Officials

• Decision Facilitating vs. Decision Influencing
  Information
• Information about policy consequences that are of
  interest to the DM
• Information about the contingent actions to be
  taken by LO that are of interest to the DM
• e.g.., support, opposition, etc.
• Tactical and strategic information and advice
• e.g.., vote trading, bundling, etc.

6
Lobbying (B)

• Access
• Reputation (CEOs are usually better than paid
  Lobbyists, but then their time is also usually
  more costly)
• Personal relationships
• Timing
• Internal/Government Allies

7
How to Get Access

• Electoral Support (Campaign Contributions)
• Peak Associations, Trade Associations (PACs)
• Grassroots Campaigns (shareholders, employees
  communities, suppliers, customers)
• Mobilization of whole rent chain

8
Client Politics

• The CONSTITUENCY Connection
• Policy Concerns of the Elected Official
• Provision of Resources to Elected Official
• Organize a COALITION
• Dissuade Potential Opponents

9
Interest Group Politics

• Advantage to the STATUS QUO
• SQ Wins by Delay, Diffusion of Knowledge of
  Issues favors SQ
• Proponents of Policy Change Must Get ALL of their
  Ducks in Line and MOVE FAST
• Pockets of Interest Policy Entrepreneurs

10
Defensive Tactics

• Divide and Conquer
• Play the Constituency Card
• Expand the Number of Dimensions of the Issue
• Focus on the Elected Officials who care least
  about the Issue

11
The Rent Chain

• Factor Suppliers
• The Value Chain
• inbound logistics
• operations
• outbound logistics, sales, service, product
  support
• Distribution Channels
• Customers

12
BUT IS IT RIGHT?

• Business Interests ARE NOT Public Interests
• Unwarranted Power
• Abuse of Power