Title: The Health Risks pertaining to safety security comfort other health aspects
1The Health Riskspertaining to safety / security
/ comfort / other health aspects
2Health is more than Comfort
Source http//www.who.org/aboutwho/en/definition.
html
3Safety Natural catastrophes ?
From Judith A.M. Khalil mailtogakhalil_at_hotmail.
com Sent woensdag 7 september 2005
1400Subject FW Photos from Hurricane Katrina
4A hurricane passed
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11Entire side of windows blown out, Hyatt.
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13Some days later dykes collapsed
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26 27Downtown New Orleans
28Aerial view of New Orleans
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40Safety Security
Terrorism
- Easy and cheap (in money) to perform
- Societal disruption to open the way for a new
society, may be the aim - Revenge may be the aim
- Showing off may be the aim
- A smart design of building (services) may
decrease terrorist risks - Combating poverty as a long-term solution
Modern terrorism will be with us for decades!
41Anthrax Bioterrorism
Fate of the Victim
- First symptoms after 12 Hours to 5 Days
- Treatment only effective the first day
- Skin infection red-brown papule with pus and
later a black crust flu-like symptoms few but
some deaths - Food-borne infection with 100 intact mucous
membranes no infection damaged mucous
membranes alimentary canal and lymph nodes die
off slowly, 100 mortality without timely
treatment - Lung infection lymph system dies off, later also
heart and lungs, 100 mortality without timely
treatment
Anthrax spores may stay viable for decades!
42The lesser risks
Comfort Nuisance / Hindrance Stress
43Comfort Dutch ? English
- Comfort
- Convenience
- Facilities
Source Van Dale Groot Woordenboek
Nederlands-Engels. Utrecht, 1991
44Discomfort
- Absence of comfort uneasiness distress
inconvenience hardship perceived risks - Anything causing this
Comfort
- Relief from pain, grief, distress, etc
- A state of ease and quiet enjoyment, free from
worry, pain, etc - A person or thing that comforts
Source Websters new twentieth century
dictionary of the English Language. William
Collins, 1979
45Comfort on a Time Line
- Here and Now short-term effects
- (classical comfort security)
- Up to a high age long-term effects
- (classical health safety)
Sustainable Comfort includes both
46Environmental Discomfort or Stress
- Thermal
- Acoustic
- Visual / Lighting
- Olfactory
- Aesthetic
- Emotional
- Social
Chronic and Acute Discomfort may lead to disease
47Comfort Health
- Comfortable in one category may bring discomfort
in another - Comfort may be unhealthy
- Discomfort may lead to disease
- Health is more than comfort
Improving Quality of Live ? Increasing Comfort
48Older Users Comfort
- Older persons have a reduced tolerance for
thermal stress - Comfortable temperature 18-24 C
- Temperature constant in time and place,
- then Resistance to stress further reduced
Comfort may be unhealthy
49Which of these is Stress?
- Your mother dies
- You receive an extremely high mark for a course
- You sleep less than 8 hours / night
- You improve the finishing of your residence
- Your best friend and his/her partner come to stay
at your house for a week - You experience a chronic allergy
- You go on vacation
- You move to a better residence
Source http//www.teachhealth.com
50Stress Scaling 1-100 for preceding 12 months
100 Your mother died 25 You received an
extremely high mark for a course 25 You slept
less than 8 hours / night 20 You improved the
finishing of your residence 20 Your best
friend and his/her partner came to stay at your
house for a week 20 You experienced a chronic
allergy 15 You moved to a better residence
10 You went on vacation
Source http//www.teachhealth.com
51Overstress or Chronic Stress
is a health risk
Source http//www.teachhealth.com
52Overstress or Chronic Stress in preceding 12
months
Brain fatigue, aches and pains, crying spells,
depression, anxiety attacks, sleep
disturbance Gastrointestinal tract ulcer, cramps
and diarrhea, colitis, irritable bowel Glandular
system thyroid gland malfunction Cardiovascular
system high blood pressure, heart attack,
abnormal heart beat, stroke Skin itchy skin
rashes Immune system decreased resistance to
infections and neoplasms
Source http//www.teachhealth.com
53Comfort Health
- Comfortable in one category may bring discomfort
in another - Comfort may be unhealthy
- Discomfort may lead to disease
- Health is more than comfort
- Limited applicability of Comfort Models
Improving Quality of Live Towards a Total
Comfort Model
54Disease Morbus
- Built environment related are some
- infections
- allergies
- neoplasms (cancers) and
- psychiatric disorders
55Our Strategy is
- Sustainable Comfort
- Health
- Reducing of (perceived) health risks (Safety,
Security, Comfort) - Health support
- Extending healthy, vital and productive years
56Segovia Aqueduct
Source ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA
http//www.britannica.com/bcom/eb/article/single_
image/0,5716,20704bin5Fid,00.html
57Vertigo Building
Outdoor Aesthetically comfortable façade from
the outside Indoor Stripe-induced visual
discomfort associated with a decrease in reading
speed, illusions, headache, epileptic fits
Frequency 82 of migraine sufferers 6 of others
Comfort in one category may bring discomfort in
another
Source A Wilkins et al. 1984. Brain
107(4)989-1017 DA Marcus, MJ Soso 1989. Arch
Neurol 46(10)1129-1132 A Wilkins, C Neary 1991.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 11(2)163-171 E. Conlon
et al. 1998. Perception 27(1)21-33