Overview of Chpt. 6

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Overview of Chpt. 6

• Language is a social tool, allows children to
  interact.
• Importance of learning in familiar situations
• adults assign intent to infants behaviors
• Mutual participation
• baby talk parentese motherese
• Cultural influences
• three stages of intentional communication dev.

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Social Development of Newborns(broad areas)

• Visual skills distance, visual preferences
• Hearing prefers human voice, localize to sound
• Head movements
• Sleep/wake patterns
• Personality temperament
• Vocalizes
• Has needs
• (each has some connection with communication
  development)

3
Socialization (birth-6 months)

• Social smile
• requires appropriate amount of stimulation
• infant-caregiver vocalization patterns
  (protoconversations)
• eye gaze (deictic mutual)
• infant-caregiver bonding (focuses on maternal
  behaviors)
• game playing rituals

4
Socialization (7-12 months)(note many of the
behaviors of birth-6 months are still present)

•  
• intentional communication
• identifies with primary caretaker(s)
• adult refers to more objects events
• child demonstrates understanding of events
• child may respond to simple words
• coordination of gaze/vocalization
• adults recognize cry or vocalizations
• 8. reciprocal interactions

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STAGES OF COMM.

• 1. Perlocutionary
• 2. Illocutionary
• 3. Locutionary

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Perlocutionary

•  
• 0-6/8 months
• unintentional communication
• learns to attend to stimuli
• caregiver assigns intent
• child not intending to affect behavior of
  listener
• child focuses on needs/wants

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Illocutionary

• 6/8 12 months
• intentional communication
• Conventional gestures vocalizations initially
  used to request or maintain joint attention
• PSAs or communicative functions
• communicates for a variety of reasons
• relates to objects people

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Locutionary

• 12 months
• intentional communication
• use of words

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Comprehension (p. 162)

• Researchers have tried to determine how babies
  figure out words and word boundaries
• -babies may use prosodic cue to detect pauses
• -babies may use predicable units within
  words, such as the syllable

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Maternal Behaviors

• 1. Baby talk Motherese Parentese
• Characteristics?
• Why do adults do this?
• Mothers babies engage in many predictable
  routines that include referencing.

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Maternal Behaviors Contd

• 2. Gaze
• Extended amount of time looking at baby
• Monitor what the infant is looking at
•  
• 3. Facial Expressions/head movement
• Exaggerated
• Helps maintain interaction
• Helps maintain understanding

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Maternal Behaviors (contd)

• 4. Proxemics
• Mothers violate personal space

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Differences in parental interaction

• information oriented vs. affect oriented
• Amount of vocalization
• Amount of physical contact
• What types of utterances mothers are more likely
  to respond to
• etc

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Differences

• Influenced by culture, race, education, and
  socioeconomic background
• We need to think about the significance of these
  differnces

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Joint reference

•  Development of J.R.
• joint attention
• joint attention plus intentional comm..
• point vocalize
• 4. labeling (naming)
• (ignore the formal definitions of indicating,
  deixis, and naminghowever, think of this as the
  child needing to attend visually, locate specific
  objects, and eventually associate a name with
  an object.

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Joint Action Game playing

•         familiar routine
•         sender/receiver roles
•         predictable language
•         predictable actions
•         prosody
•         eventually child initiates

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Joint Action Daily routines

•                  
• provide scripts
• predictable language
• predictable actions
• early language learning (content)
• Basis of later play development

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Turn taking

• Vocal
• Physical
• Protoconversations

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Conclusion (p. 193)

• Infant behaviors are not as significant as the
  mothers response to them
• Both semantic structures and pragmatic functions
  derive from social interaction
• Joint reference allows the child to learn that
  objects and events have names
• The infant develops a variety of reasons to
  communicate based on adult responsiveness

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Additional questions

• Why is it important that babies gesture?
• How come cultural differences in adult-child
  interaction do not negatively affect
  communication development?
• What would you assume would be differences in
  father-child versus mother-child interaction?
• Are crabby or difficult babies at risk for
  language delays or problems (from a social
  interaction perspective?)