Vegetated Treatment Systems Field Experience

1
Vegetated Treatment Systems Field Experience
ISU Project Update 04/05/06

• Robert Burns Lara Moody
• Iowa State University
• Agricultural Biosystems Engineering

2
Presentation Outline

• Introduction of Project Systems
• Planned Monitoring
• System Descriptions
• Construction Issues
• Monitoring Issues

3
VTS Options in Research Project
1
Vegetated Treatment Area (VTA)
Settling Basin
Beef Feedlot
2
VIB
VTA
Settling Basin
Beef Feedlot
4
VTS Options in Research Project
3
Settling Bench
Vegetated Treatment Area (VTA)
Beef Feedlot
5
Research Site Locations
Northwest IA 2
                                                
                
Northwest IA 1
Central IA 1
Central IA 2
Southwest IA 2
Southwest IA 1
6
Project VTS System Types
7
Project Site Status
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PermitMonitoring Requirements

• Vegetated Treatment System
• Effluent from settling basin, VIB, VTA
• Event based sampling (quality quantity)
• Analyze for TKN, NH3-N, NO3-N, Total P, PO4
  (DRP), TSS, TDS, COD, BOD5, Cl, Fecal Coliform,
  and PH
• Monitor flow rates

9
PermitMonitoring Requirements

• Surface Water Quality Sampling
• Initial background and annually each spring
• Upstream, at source, and downstream
• Analyze for TKN, NH3-N, NO3-N, Total P, PO4
  (DRP), TSS, TDS, COD, BOD5, Cl, Fecal Coliform,
  and PH

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Permit Monitoring Requirements

• Ground Water
• Quality Sampling
• Background monthly
• Up-gradient, at system, down-gradient
• Analyze for NH4-N, NO3-N, Fecal Coliform, Cl

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Permit Monitoring Requirements

• Soil Sampling in Vegetated Treatment Systems
• Background annual surface (0-6)
• Background biennial deep (0-4)
• 0-6, 6-12, 12-24, 24-36, 36-48
• Analyze for NH4-N, NO3-N, P, K, pH

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Other Permit Monitoring Requirements

• Vegetative Cover
• Submit photos 3 times per year
• Rainfall and Temperature
• Record daily

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Continuous Monitoring Equipment Components

• Flume sampling and flow monitoring
• In-pipe sampling and flow monitoring
• Rainfall data collection and data transfer
• Monitoring equipment power sources

14
Flume Monitoring

• Primary Components
• ISCO Sampler 6712 (2515)
• 1.5 H-flume stilling well (1100)
• ISCO Submerged Level Probe 720 (1390)
• Total 5005
• Require battery backed up by either a solar
  or an AC power source

15
In-Pipe Monitoring

• Primary Components
• ISCO Sampler 6712 (2515)
• ISCO Velocity Meter 720 (2695)
• Total 5210
• Require either a solar or an AC power source

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Weather Data and Data Transfer

• Measure and log rainfall and temperature
• data at settling basin sampling locations
• Primary Components
• ISCO Cell Phone Pkg. (1620)
• ISCO Rain Gauge 674 (625)
• ISCO Data Transfer Device 581 (562)
• Hobo Temperature Logger (50)
• Total 2857

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Power Sources

• 120V Power Source
• AC Battery Charger (95)
• 12V Deep Cycle Battery (150)
• Monitor unit housing (200)
• Total 445
• Solar Power Source
• Solar Panel (150)
• 12V Deep Cycle Battery (150)
• Monitor unit housing (200)
• Total 500

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System Descriptions
19
Central IA 11400 Head feedlot, 1000 head on
research site
Beef Feedlot
Settling Basin
Settling Basin
VTA
VTA
VTA
Engineering Design Firm Curry-Wille Associates
Drawing not to scale
20
Central IA 1 Research Section

• Research Section
• Feedlot 333,000 ft2
• Settling Basin 14,000 ft2
• VTAs 122,000 ft2
• VTA Feedlot Ratio 0.371
• VTS Feedlot Ratio 0.411

Settling Basin
Pipe
1
VTA
VTA
2
Flume
Drawing not to scale
21
Settling Basin
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Settling Basin Outlet and Distribution Box
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Distribution Channel from Settling Basin to
Initial Concrete Spreader
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Initial Concrete Spreader at Top of VTA
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Geotextile Spreaders
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System Status

• Major construction completed, vegetation planted
  fall 2005
• Spreaders installed
• Monitoring equipment has been selected
• Planned as second site ISU will instrument for
  monitoring
• Monitoring equipment will be installed prior to
  July 1, 2006

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Central IA 2 2400 Head feedlot, 800 head on
research site
VIB
VIB
VIB
VTA
Settling Basin
VIB
VTA
VTA
Beef Feedlot
Beef Feedlot
Settling Basin
Beef Feedlot
Beef Feedlot
Settling Basin
VIB
Drawing not to scale
Engineering Design Firm Curry-Wille Associates
28
Central IA 2
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Central IA 2 Research Section

• Research Section
• Feedlot 115,000 ft2
• Settling Basin 8,000 ft2
• VIB 35,000 ft2
• VTA 27,000 ft2
• VIB Feedlot Ratio 0.311
• VTA Feedlot Ratio 0.231
• VIB/VTA Feedlot Ratio 0.541
• VTS Feedlot Ratio 0.601

Flume
3
VIB
VTA
1
2
Pipe
Settling Basin
Pipe
Drawing not to scale
30
Settling Basin Outlet to Central VIB / VTA
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Central VIB / VTA
VTA
VIB
32
Lift Sump from Center VIB to Center VTA
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System Status

• Major construction completed, vegetated fall 2005
• Spreaders not installed, will be gated pipe
• Will be first location that ISU will install
  monitoring equipment

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Additional Study

• Study of crop system VTA vs. reed grass VTA
• High level of producer interest
• Would allow them to take less crop ground out of
  production
• Need research to determine feasibility
• Central IA 2 site has ability to test a cropped
  VTA
• Need additional funds to perform that study

35
Northwest IA 11400 Head feedlot, 800 head
included in research portion
Beef Feedlot
Beef Feedlot
Settling Basin
Settling Basin
VTA
VTA
VTA
VTA
Engineering Design Firm Curry-Wille Associates
VTA
Drawing not to scale
36
Northwest IA 1 Research Section

• Research Section
• Feedlot 314,000 ft2
• Settling Basin 16,000 ft2
• VTA 181,000 ft2
• VTA Feedlot Ratio 0.581
• VTS Feedlot Ratio 0.631

Pipe
1
Flume
2
Drawing not to scale
37
Settling Basin and Outlet into VTA
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Settling Basin Outlet into VTA
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Research VTA
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System Status

• Major construction completed, no vegetation
• Spreaders not installed, will be gated pipe
• Monitoring equipment has been selected
• Monitoring equipment will be installed prior to
  July 1, 2006

41
Northwest IA 2
4000 head feed lot with 1 VIB and 1 VTA operating
as a recycle system
Beef Feedlot
Settling Basin
VIB
VTA
Engineering Design Firm Curry-Wille Associates
Drawing not to scale
42
Northwest IA 2 Research Section
Pipe

• Research Section
• Feedlot 319,000 ft2
• Settling Basin 10,000 ft2
• VIB 106,000 ft2
• VTA 65,000 ft2
• VIB Feedlot Ratio 0.331
• VTA Feedlot Ratio 0.201
• VIB/VTA Feedlot Ratio 0.531
• VTS Feedlot Ratio 0.571

2
Settling Basin
Flume
1
VIB
VTA
3
Pipe
Drawing not to scale
43
Settling Basin Outlet to VIB
44
Flume to go here
Settling Basin Outlet to VIB
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From Settling Basin Across VIB
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Top of VTA
Lift Sump from VIB to VTA
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Research VTA
48
VIB and VTA Discharge Return Pipe
49
Southwest IA 1
2240 head feedlot, whole system within research
portion
Beef Feedlot
Beef Feedlot
Proposed Design
Settling Basin
VTA
Engineering Design Firm Curry-Wille Associates
Drawing not to scale
50
Southwest IA 1 Research Section
Settling Basin
1
Pipe
VTA
2
Flume
Drawing not to scale
51
System Status

• No construction completed
• Monitoring equipment has been considered
• Planned as fifth site ISU will instrument for
  monitoring
• Permit effective date not yet established

52
Southwest IA 2
5500 head feedlot, 1000 head within the research
portion
Beef Feedlot
Settling Bench
Bench or Basin
Settling Bench
VTA
VTA
VTA
VTA
VTA
VTA
Drawing not to scale
Engineering Design Firm Agricultural
Engineering Associates
53
Southwest IA 2 Research Section
Flume
1
Settling Bench
VTA
2
Pipe
Drawing not to scale
54
Southwest IA 2

• Unique to the project
• Settling benches instead of settling basins
• Settling benches less expensive to install
• Permit in process
• Effective date set when final permit is issued

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Southwest IA 2
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(No Transcript)
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System Status

• No construction completed
• Engineer has requested June 1, 2007 effective
  permit date
• Draft permit has been issued

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Construction Issues

• Diversion of run-off during construction and
  vegetation phase
• Discharge of VTA run-off into crop systems
• Adequate fall to install flumes

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Runoff Diversion around VTS
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Monitoring Issues

• How to handle VTA discharge not related to basin
  discharges
• Adequate fall to operate flumes
• Monitoring on non-research sites

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Questions Comments