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I have examined my papers, and found the plans
of Frankfort-on-the-Mayne, Carlsruhe, Amsterdam,
Strasburg, Paris, Orleans, Bordeaux, Lyons,
Montpelier, Marseilles, Turin, and Milan, which I
send in a roll by the post. They are on large and
accurate scales, having been procured by me while
in those respective cities myself. Whenever it
is proposed to prepare plans for the Capitol, I
should prefer the adoption of some one of the
models of antiquity, which have had the
approbation of thousands of years and for the
President's house, I should prefer the celebrated
fronts of modern buildings, which have already
received the approbation of all good judges. Such
are the Galerie du Louire, the Gardes meubles,
and two fronts of the Hotel de Salm. --Thomas
Jefferson to Pierre Charles LEnfant, April 10,
1791
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Thomas Jefferson to Handsome Lake, November 3,
1802 You remind me, brother, of what I said to
you, when you visited me the last winter, that
the lands you then held would remain yours, and
shall never go from you but when you should be
disposed to sell. This I now repeat, and will
ever abide by. We, indeed, are always ready to
buy land but we will never ask but when you wish
to sell and our laws, in order to protect you
against imposition, have forbidden individuals to
purchase lands from you and have rendered it
necessary, when you desire to sell, even to a
State, that an agent from the United States
should attend the sale, see that your consent is
freely given, a satisfactory price paid, and
report to us what has been done, for our
approbation. .. Nor do I think, brother, that
the sale of lands is, under all circumstances,
injurious to your people. While they depended on
hunting, the more extensive the forest around
them, the more game they would yield. But going
into a state of agriculture, it may be as
advantageous to a society, as it is to an
individual, who has more land than he can
improve, to sell a part, and lay out the money in
stocks and implements of agriculture, for the
better improvement of the residue. A little land
well stocked and improved, will yield more than a
great deal without stock or improvement. Go on
then, brother, in the great reformation you have
undertaken. Persuade our red brethren then to be
sober, and to cultivate their lands and their
women to spin and weave for their families. You
will soon see your women and children well fed
and clothed, your men living happily in peace and
plenty, and your numbers increasing from year to
year. Source http//www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/
jeffind2.htm
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Substance of a TALK, held at Le Maionitinong,
entrance of Lake Michigan, by the Indian Chief,
LEMAIGOUIS, May 4, 1807, . . . addressed to the
different tribes of Indians. My Children! To
you I have given Deer, Bears, and all wild
animals wild fowls and fish, corn and squashes
for yourselves only, and not for white men. To
them I have given Oxen, Cows, Sheep, and all
other domestic animals, for themselves only
therefore, you are not to keep any of their
animals, nor any living thing made for them. You
are not to plant more corn, than you want for
your own use you must not sell it to them unless
they are starving, and then only by measure, lest
they cheat you. When you plant, you must help
each other, and then the Great Spirit will give
you good crops. My Children! I made all the
trees of the woods. The maple tree I made, that
you might have sugar for your children. I love
the maple tree, which you spoil and give pain to
(for it has feeling like yourselves) by cutting
it too much, to make sugar for the Whites. They
have another sugar, which I made for them. If you
make more sugar than you want for yourselves, you
shall die, and the maple tree shall yield no more
water. If a white man needs a little sugar, you
may sell him very little but always by
weight.But even this I dislike, because it burns
your kettles, which you must not destroy. My
Children! You must pay the Whites only half their
credits because they cheat you. You may sell
them only peltries, canoes, gums, c. but no wild
meat. . . . You may give them a little dried
meat, without any bone because they burn the
bones, so that the animals cannot come again on
the earth. This is the reason why they are so few
and so lean. You complain that the animals are
few on the earth. How can it be otherwise, when
you destroy them yourselves. You take only their
skin, and leave their bodies to rot. When I pass
by and see them thus, I take them back that they
come no more to you again. My Children! You
must not dress like the Whites but pluck out
your hair, as in former times and wear the
feather of the eagle on your head. And when it is
not too cold you must go naked, (excepting your
breech-cloth) with your bodies painted, c. When
I see you thus, I am well pleased. Source
Pennsylvania Gazette, 11 March 1812. Online at
http//www.wwnorton.com/college/history/archive/re
sources/documents/ch09_05.htm
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The Missouri Compromise
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Two perspectives on the Missouri question John
Quincy Adams Journal, March 1 1820 I have
favored this Missouri compromise, believing it to
be all that could be effected under the present
Constitution, and from extreme unwillingness to
put the Union at hazard. But perhaps it would
have been a wiser as well as a bolder course to
have persisted in the restriction upon Missouri,
till it should have terminated in a convention of
the States to revise and amend the Constitution.
This would have produced a new Union of thirteen
or fourteen States unpolluted with slavery, with
a great and glorious object to effect, namely,
that of rallying to their standard the other
States by the universal emancipation of their
slaves. If the Union must be dissolved, slavery
is precisely the question upon which it ought to
break. For the present, however, this contest is
laid asleep. Thomas Jefferson to John Holmes,
April 22, 1820 But this momentous question, like
a fire bell in the night, awakened and filled me
with terror. I considered it at once as the knell
of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the
moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final
sentence. A geographical line, coinciding with a
marked principle, moral and political, once
conceived and held up to the angry passions of
men, will never be obliterated and every new
irritation will mark it deeper and deeper. I can
say, with conscious truth, that there is not a
man on earth who would sacrifice more than I
would to relieve us from this heavy reproach, in
any practicable way. The cession of that kind of
property, for so it is misnamed, is a bagatelle
which would not cost me a second thought, if, in
that way, a general emancipation and expatriation
could be effected and gradually, and with due
sacrifices, I think it might be. But as it is, we
have the wolf by the ears, and we can neither
hold him, nor safely let him go. Justice is in
one scale, and self-preservation in the other.