Heat Activities OP

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Heat Activities OP

• Created for OP Physics
• By
• Dick Heckathorn
• 16 February 2K4

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 3D2 page 68

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• Materials
• 2 Styrofoam cups
• small copper beads
• small plastic beads
• thermometer

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 1 . Fill one cup about halt full of small copper
  beads and the other with the same amount of
  plastic beads.

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• Put your finger in each of the cups.
• Which material feels warmer to the touch?

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• Have your partner feel each material also.
• Do you agree about which material felt warmer?

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 4. Using a thermometer, MEASURE and RECORD the
  temperature of the copper and plastic beads.
• Temperature of Copper ___ Temperature of
  Plastic ___
• 5. EXPLAIN your observations.

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 6. If you were to put the copper and the plastic
  in the refrigerator, what would you PREDICT about
  the way they would feel if you were to do the
  same experiment again?
• Why do you predict this?

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 7. Obtain some plastic beads and some copper
  beads that have been in a cool place. Which
  material feels colder to your fingers?

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 8. MEASURE and RECORD the temperature of the
  beads.
• Temperature of Copper ___
• Temperature of Plastic ___

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 9. Would you expect a good conductor to feel
  warmer or colder if you were to touch it after it
  had been outside all during a winter night?

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 10. Do you think that your clothing is a good
  conductor or a poor conductor?
• EXPLAIN why.

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 11. Would you expect carpet or tile flooring
  to feel colder when you step on it in the
  morning?
• EXPLAIN why.

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WHY DO PLASTIC AND METAL FEEL DIFFERENT?

• 12. When you go home today, compare as many
  objects as you can that are the same temperature.
  
• Which objects felt warmest?
• Which objects felt coldest?
• How will you know that these objects were at the
  same temperature?

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• 1C2 page 15

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• Materials
• hot plate
• beaker
• crushed ice
• thermometer
• stirring rod
• graph paper

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• 1. Fill the beaker half full of crushed ice.
  MEASURE and RECORD the temperature of the ice.

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• 2a. Place the beaker on the hot plate and begin
  warming the ice. MEASURE and RECORD the
  temperature at 1-minute intervals.

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• 2b. Keep the thermometer tip off of the bottom of
  the beaker. Stir continuously as measurements are
  made.

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• 2c. Continue to take measurements until you have
  RECORDED at least 3 measurements after the water
  is boiling.

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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?
Min
oC
Min
oC
Min
oC
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WHAT HAPPENS TO TEMPERATURE WHEN WATER CHANGES
STATE?

• 3. GRAPH your results.
• 4. Did the temperature rise evenly during the
  total time of heating? EXPLAIN.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 2A3F page 25

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 1. What is the composition of matter?
• Did you say atoms and molecules?

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 2. In solids, what do the atoms or molecules do?
• In a liquid?
• In a gas?

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 3. How do we measure how fast the motion of the
  atoms or molecules?
• Did you say temperature?

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 4. Thus, how do we change the temperature of a
  substance?
• Add heat energy.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 5. Last time we heated a ball that would go
  through a ring.
• What happened when we heated the ball?
• It expanded and did not go through the ring.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 6. How does one explain the metal ball expanding
  and not through the ring?
• The particles vibrated faster and in so doing
  occupied more space.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 7. Last time we saw foam balls in a wire cage.
• What happened when a fan was aimed to hit the
  balls?
• The faster the fan was turning, the further the
  balls spread out.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 8. This is exactly what happens when the
  particles in the metal ball was heated.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 9. What was considered a possible cause for the
  electrical outage last summer?
• Sagging electrical wires due to.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 10. What happened to the size of the foam balls
  as they moved faster?
• The size did not change.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 11. The model we have just described is called
  the Kinetic model.
• Kinetic refers to things that are in motion.

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TEMPERATURE AND SOME EFFECTS OF HEAT

• 12 This model explains why almost all solids,
  liquids and gasses expand when heated and
  contract when cooled.

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• 2D2 page 36

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• Materials
• unmarked thermometer
• crayon or wax marker
• index card
• water-resistant tape
• boiling water
• ice water mixture

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• 1 . Design a method by which you could mark off
  your thermometer into units which could be used
  to measure the temperature of common objects.

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• 2. Your method today
• a. Place your thermometer in a container that
  contains ice water.
• b. Mark the location of the red liquid on
  your thermometer.

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• c. Place your thermometer in a container of
  boiling water.
• d. Mark the location of the red liquid on
  your thermometer.

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• 3. To test your calibration
• a. Place your thermometer in a third
  container with water.
• b. Write down the temperature of the water
  according to your thermometer.

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• c. Measure the temperature of this water
  using a calibrated thermometer.
• d. How do the two readings compare?

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HOW CAN A THERMOMETER BE CALIBRATED?

• e. How well did you calibrate your
  thermometer?
• f. How well did the temperature of the water
  compare to others that measured the same water?

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• 3B4 page 58

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• Materials
• Styrofoam cup
• thermometer
• graduated cylinder or measuring cup
• ice water
• warm water
• ice cubes
• graph paper

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• 1. PREDICT what the final temperature would be if
  you were to mix 1 measure of warm water with 1
  measure of ice cold water 0oC but with no ice
  cubes).

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• 2. Pour some water that has been cooled to the
  temperature of ice water into a styrofoam cup

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• b. Fill your graduated cylinder with the same
  volume of warm water.
• c. Measure and record the volume (in ml) and its
  temperature (in oC).

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• d. Pour the warm water into the styrofoam cup
  with the ice water.
• e. Stir the two mixtures together.
• f. Measure and record the temperature of the
  mixture.

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• e. How close were you to your prediction?
• oC
• ___ Predicted temperature ___ Temperature
  of ice water
• ___ Temperature of mixture

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• 3. PREDICT what the final temperature would be if
  you were to mix 1 measure of warm water with 1
  measure of ice 0oC.

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• a. Measure the volume of some ice and put it in a
  styrofoam cup.
• b. Measure out an equal volume of warm water.
  Then record its temperature.
• c. Pour this water into the styrofoam cup with
  ice.

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• d. Mix the water and ice and then measure the
  temperature of the mixture.

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HOW MUCH HEAT ENERGY DOES IT TAKE TO MELT AN ICE
CUBE?

• e. How close were you to your prediction?
• oC
• ___ Predicted temperature
• ___ Temperature of mixture