Urban Patterns

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Chapter 13

• Urban Patterns

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Percent Urban Population
Fig. 13-1 Percent of the population living in
urban areas is usually higher in MDCs than in
LDCs.
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Percent Urban by Region
Fig. 13-2b Although under half of the people in
most less developed regions are urban, Latin
America and the Middle East have urban
percentages comparable to MDCs.
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The exceptional nature of American cities

• 1 Gigantic footprints for the urbanized area
• Chicago vs. London
• Low densities
• The predominance of SFDs
• 2 Suburban Dominance
• Only 3 million out of 8 million in Chicago
  metropolitan area live in the city of Chicago
• 3 Much greater levels of automobile dependency

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• 4. Very steep density gradients
• High-rise downtown vs. low-density sprawl
• 5. Inverse social Geography
• Rich on periphery
• Poor in the center

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Contemporary Neighborhood types in American
Central Cities

• 1 declining ghetto complexes
• 2 new immigrant enclaves
• 3 gentrified core areas

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1 Declining Ghetto Complexes

• A These neighborhoods are products of
  historical and continued racial segregation,
  exhibiting African American populations of
  90-100.
• B very steep and sustained population losses.
• Ex. Washington Park neighborhood in Chicago lost
  almost 1/3 of it population between 1990 and
  2000.
• C job losses, capital flight, and diminishing
  local economic opportunity
• D virtually no new foreign-born immigrants have
  settled in these neighborhoods

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2 The New Immigrant Enclaves

• a. Very impressive population growth
• 45 in Gage Park, average growth of 20
• b. Geographical expansion as well
• c. Middle position in terms of quality of life
  indicators
• d. Most of the multi-ethnic census tracts are
  found in these zones

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3 Gentrified Core Area

• Moderate population gains
• slight increase in areas where industry was
  converted to residential use
• slight decreases in traditionally residential
  neighborhoods being subject to gentrification
• Economic dynamism
• Rising incomes
• The Near North Side jumped from 43,000 to
  92,000 between 1990 and 2000.
• Dramatic gains in the value of real estate
• In the Gold Coast, the value of real estate
  appreciated 9.4 times faster than the city
  average between 1991 and 1997.

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