ITNs in Sudan

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ITNs in Sudan

• Inter-country work-shop on
• Scaling up ITNs implementation for the
• control of malaria and other vector-borne
  diseases
• in EMR
• Saudi Arabia, 18 -20 Oct 2003, Abha
• National Mal, Leish and Schisto Control Prog

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Sudan Major Administrative Regions
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Sudan Major Malaria Strata
High transmission Irrigated Rural, high
ssonal Riverine Urban
High transmission Riverine Urban

High perineal transmission
Irrigated malaria
Seasonal malaria
Urban malaria
Riverine malaria

• Plasmodium falciparum gt90
• A. arabiensis, A. gambiae A. funstes

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Leishmaniais in Sudan
High transmission Irrigated Rural, high
ssonal Riverine Urban
High transmission Riverine Urban

• L. donavani
• P. orientalis

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Lymphatic filariasis in Sudan
High transmission Irrigated Rural, high
ssonal Riverine Urban
High transmission Riverine Urban

• Parasite??
• Vector?? Culex, Anopheles

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Vector control in Sudan

• Dr A. Baflour in 1904
• retained oil for malaria vector.
• Eradicate malaria in Khartoum
• Eradication era
• IRHS in Sinnar area using DDT
• Sporadic non-sustainable control activities
• Larviciding in Khartoum
• Khartoum malaria free initiative

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Vector control in Sudan

• Blue Nile Health Project
• WB, Kuwait, USA, GOS, Japan
• Irrigated area in Gazera
• Great emphasis on IRHS

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Vector control in Sudan

• Malaria control Vector control
• Vector control Spraying
• Malaria prevention Spraying
• Over reliance on insecticide
• Bed nets are in use for a long time
• ITNs is relatively a new issue

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ITNs in SudanHistorical Background

• Non-treated bed nets are older than the Sudan???
• ITNs
• introduced in 1995 as a pilot project in sinnar
  and Upper Nile.
• WHO, UNICEF, .

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ITNs in SudanEfforts to avail ITNs

• Elimination of taxes still there r some
• Saving and Developmental Bank
• Partnership
• Stoppedno clear reasons..
• Other private companies(3)
• 500,000 ITNs distributed since April 2001

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ITNs in SudanSpecification
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ITNs in SudanSources

• Thailand
• I.R. Iran
• Tanzania
• Local production (materials from Egypt)
• Kenya

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ITNs in SudanDistribution mechanism

• Donors to NMCP to SMCP
• Private Companies to NMCP to SMCP and others
• Private companies to markets / institutions
• UN agencies to NGOs
• Distributed as free, partially subsidized or with
  full price

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ITNs in Sudanfinancing and marketing

• Main financing agents GOS, UN agencies, NGOs,
  private
• Good quality nets were marketed through the NMCP
  channel
• Private sector not convinced yet to import/
  produce locally or to distribute directly

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ITNs in SudanRe-treatment

• Some trials in some states
• Not a culture
• Very low re-treatment rate

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ITNsconclusion

• Achievements
• ITNs strategic plan developed
• High knowledge about the bed netsand a COMBI
  plan is under process
• Challenges
• ITNs is a public sector concern
• Only 3 companies are dealing with ITNs
• Low treatment and re-treatment rate
• Taxes are not fully eliminated yet
• Only 7-8 of households have ITNs (MICS)

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