crude oil

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Making Crude Oil Useful

• Learning Intention
• We are learning about how
• Crude oil is separated into fractions and why.
• How and why fractional distillation works.
• To use data to evaluate the use of different fuels

Fractions Distillation Fuels Crude Oil Evaluate
Keywords Phrases
Look at the following formula displayed on your
starter activity sheet. Write down two facts
about each molecule from its formula (3 marks)
Starter Activity
2
Look at the following formula displayed on your
starter activity sheet. Write down two facts
about each molecule from its formula (3 marks)
Starter Activity
Temperature Saturated Unsaturated Family
name What Group? General Formula Bromine
water More reactive Density Intermolecular-force

Hints
Hint
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Why is crude oil separated into Fractions?

• Watch video clip
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v26AN1LfbUPc

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Fractional Distillation

1. What is fractional distillation?
2. Explain why crude oil is separated by fractional
   distillation.

• Use ideas about
• Size of molecules
• Forces between molecules and how these affect
  boiling point.
• May 2012 GCSE Q1 b)

http//www.ocr.org.uk/Images/135630-mark-scheme-un
it-b641-02-unit-01-modules-c1-c2-c3-higher-tier-ju
ne.pdf
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Fractional Distillation
Crude Oil Mixture Fractions Boiling points Large
molecules Small molecules
Hints

1. What is fractional distillation?
2. Explain how and why fractional distillation
   works.

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More on properties of fractions

• 1. What can you say about the fractions that are
  at the top of the column (in terms of
  its boiling point low or high?)
• 2. What can you say about bigger molecules
  and its forces?

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Properties of fractions

• 1. What can you say about the fractions that are
  at the top of the column (in terms of
  its boiling point low or high?)
• 2. What can you say about bigger molecules
  and its forces?

Hints

• Name the force between them
• Intermolecular forces
• Strong attractive forces or weak attractive
  forces?
• Easily separated or not?
• High boiling point -
• Low boiling point-

8
The Fractions In Crude Oil

• Petrol contains the alkane with 8 carbons.
• Can you guess its name?
• Draw a picture of the molecule.

9
Cracking

• Cracking is used to make ethene.
• Cracking needs a high temperature and a
  catalyst. Write about cracking.

• Your answers should include
• What happens to hydrocarbon molecules during
  cracking.
• Why cracking is a useful reaction
• May 2010 GCSE H-Tier Q 3(d)

http//www.ocr.org.uk/Images/61307-mark-scheme-uni
t-b641-02-unit-01-modules-c1-c2-c3-higher-tier-jun
e.pdf
10
Cracking Large Molecules
The large molecules from crude oil can be broken
down (or cracked) into smaller, more useful
molecules.
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Comparing Fuels Peer Assessment Task
You are going to peer assess your work titled
Comparing Fuels, based on the following success
criteria/benchmark.
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Why Is Cracking Important?
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Why Is Cracking Important?

• Fuels made from oil mixtures containing large
  hydrocarbon molecules are not efficient. They do
  not flow easily and are difficult to ignite.
  Crude oil often contains too many large
  hydrocarbon molecules and not enough small
  hydrocarbon molecules to meet demand - this is
  where cracking comes in.

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Plenary

• 60 seconds challenge Sum Up

15
Self Assessment
You have 7 minutes Self assessment record what
youve learnt, any difficulties you have had and
set your personal targets.
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Cracking of Hexane

• Hexane
• C6H14 ? Butane Ethene

17
Comparing Fuel Assessment TaskMy Improvement
target

• 5 minutes Task
• Now your work has been assessed, choose one or
  two improvement targets using green pen and the
  template provided.

18
Best Plenary tips
See tips shown in the link http//www.teach-ict.co
m/teacher/plenary/plenaries.htm
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Fractional
Is used to separate c o. into
u..substances called f. in a
fractionating column. Each fraction is a
mixture of h with similar b.. p
Distillation
Fraction Uses







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Starter Activity

• Look at the following formula displayed on your
  starter activity sheet.
• Write down two facts about each molecule from its
  formula (3 marks)

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23
Making Crude Oil Useful

• Learning Intention
• We are learning about how crude oil can be
  separated into fractions.
• How and why fractional distillation works.
• How the forces between molecules affect their
  boiling points.

Understand and apply the concept of
intermolecular forces. Explain why cracking
matches the supply and demand of petrol.
Explain

1. Know how fractional distillation works because of
   differences temperature.
2. To label fractional distillation apparatus.

24
Success Criteria

• Know how fractional distillation works because of
  differences temperature.
• To label fractional distillation apparatus.

Explained that cracking converts large alkanes
into smaller ones.

• Understand and apply the concept of
  intermolecular forces.
• Used equations where appropriate to explain to
  the concept of cracking.
• Evaluate the use of different fuels

Showed detailed knowledge and understanding of
extraction methods and how this relates to the
reactivity series Used equations where
appropriate to explain to the concept of
cracking.
25
Making Crude Oil Useful

• Learning Intention
• We are learning about how
• Crude oil are separated into fractions and why.
• How and why fractional distillation works.
• To interpret and evaluate data to choose the best
  fuel for a particular purpose.