Chemistry Vocabulary

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Chemistry Vocabulary

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Volume

• The amount of space something takes up. Measured
  in cubic units such as centimeters cubed (cm3),
  milliliters (ml), etc.

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Mass

• The amount of matter in an object.
• Measured in grams (g), kilograms (kg), etc.
• Mass is different than weight. Weight is a
  measurement of force and is measured by
  multiplying mass by the acceleration of gravity.

A triple beam balance can be used to measure mass.
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Density

• How much matter is packed into a certain amount
  of space.
• Calculated by dividing somethings mass by its
  volume.

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Matter

• Anything that has volume and mass.
• Any solid, liquid or gas that is made of atoms.

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Elements

• Purest form and basic building blocks of matter.
• Contain one or more of the same kind of atom.

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Atom

• Smallest piece of an element that still has all
  of the properties of that element.

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Nucleus

• Small dense center of the atom holding the
  neutrons and protons. It makes up almost all of
  the mass of an atom because the electrons on the
  outside are so small compared to the center that
  their mass is almost irrelevant.

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Sub-

• Prefix meaning lower in rank or smaller in size.
• For example, a subatomic particle is a smaller
  particle within an atom, such as a proton,
  neutron, or electron.

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Charge

• Type of energy that is stored. Can be positive
  or negative.
• Neutrons have NO charge.
• Protons have a POSITIVE charge.
• Electrons have a NEGATIVE charge.

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Proton

• Subatomic particles in the nucleus that have a
  positive charge.

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Neutron

• Subatomic particles in the nucleus that have no
  charge.

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Electron

• Subatomic particles that orbit the nucleus, are
  almost 2,00 times smaller than a proton, and have
  a negative charge.
• Orbit is movement around something
• in a circular motion.

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Energy Level/Electron Cloud/Electron Shell

• An orbit followed by electrons around the atoms
  nucleus. Each shell can contain only a certain
  number of electrons.

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Valence Electrons

• Electrons found in the outermost shell of an
  atom. Determine how reactive an atom of an
  element is.

OUTERMOST SHELL
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