Respiratory Allergies-Diagnose and Treatment

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Respiratory Allergies Diagnose and Treatment
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How are Allergies Diagnosed?
A respiratory allergy can start with a common
stuffy nose and eventually progress in time to
coughing and difficult breathing. When visiting
a doctor, you will get a series of questions to
identify the cause. You would be asked about your
exposure and reaction to different allergens,
personal and family full medical history to
identify allergies that may run in your family
and exclude other disorders with similar
symptoms.  The doctor may ask you to pay close
attention for a period of time to possible
allergenic factors and reactions.
The doctor will choose a testing method, most
common an allergic skin test. This is done on
allergenic groups, such as food allergies,
insect sting, dust/mites, molds-family, common
drugs (penicillin-family antibiotics, etc).  A
small amount of allergenic substance is scratched
on the skin, and after half an hour the doctor
looks for a reaction swelling, itchiness and
redness at the site of scratch. That indicates
an allergic reaction to the specific allergen
scratched on the skin. The doctor may also ask
for blood test to look for specific blood
markers, such as IgE antibodies associated with
allergic reaction.
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What are the Treatments for Allergies?
The most effective treatment for allergies is to
avoid the allergenic triggers. This can be
difficult sometimes because some of them cannot
be avoided (such as outside mold found all year
around in the air) or are not clearly identified.
  The most common medications for allergies are
antihistamines which block the body overreaction
to allergens. In severe allergic reactions,
anti-inflammatory steroids are usually prescribed
and in emergency situations, epinephrine
injections (epipen) are used to bring quick
relief and restore normal breathing.
The allergic reactions can manifest as skin
allergies, respiratory allergies or even other
body general symptoms, such as diarrhea,
headaches, etc. Skin allergies are known
as atopic dermatitis (eczema) and contact
dermatitis.  They are treated usually topical,
with hydrocortisone or other anti-inflammatory
steroid, or sometimes orally.  
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Respiratory allergies can manifest in different
ways
Sometimes the symptoms are localized only in the
upper respiratory system, mostly nasal passages,
but they can progress with time and affect the
lung functions as well. Hay fever or allergic
rhinitis, when the nasal passages are affected,
is usually treated with nasal corticosteroid
spray on long term. When the lung functions are
affected as a result of allergens, allergic
asthma is diagnosed. The symptoms here include
coughing, difficult breathing or shortness of
breath, low oxygen level in the blood, as a
result of allergic inflammation on the
respiratory system.  Read more here about types
of  asthma and treatment.
For food, insect stings and drug allergies the
best treatment is to avoid the food and drugs
that cause an allergic reaction. If the
reaction is not strong the doctor may prescribe
antihistamines or topical creams to relieve the
itchiness and slow down the reaction.  In severe
reactions the doctor will prescribe epinephrine
injections to prevent an anaphylactic shock.
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