Can you explain the full process of oil refinery?

1
Nayara Energy

• Can you explain the full process of oil refinery?

2
Company Overview

• Nayara Energy (formerly known as Essar Oil) is an
  integrated downstream oil company of
  international scale encompassing the entire
  hydrocarbon value chain from refining to
  production and marketing, across segments,
  including retail. 
• Nayara Energy also manages the fastest growing
  retail business chain in India with the largest
  private sector fuel retail network.
• In 2016 Essar Oil was acquired by Rosneft, the
  worlds largest public oil and gas company.

3
Can you explain the full process of oil refinery?

• The crude oil in its natural state is of no use.
  To refine the crude oil, it goes under an
  extensive process and the final product we obtain
  is oil and petroleum. The three major types of
  operation that are performed to refine the oil
  into finished products are separation, conversion
  and treating.
• Separation In the first step, the crude is
  separated into various components through
  atmospheric distillation. In the oil refinery,
  the crude oil is heated at the bottom of a
  60-meter distillation column at a temperature of
  350 to 400C. This process is called topping. Due
  to the extreme temperature vapour rise inside the
  column while the heaviest molecules, or
  residuals, remain at the bottom, without
  vaporizing. Lighter products, such as butane and
  LPGs etc are recovered at the lowest
  temperatures. Mid-range products like kerosene
  and distillates settle at the mid-section of the
  column. The heaviest products such as residual
  fuel oil are recovered at temperatures sometimes
  over 1,000F

4
Can you explain the full process of oil refinery?

• Conversion The conversion process, which is
  carried out at 500C, is also known as catalytic
  cracking because it uses a substance called a
  catalyst to speed up the chemical reaction. This
  process converts 75 of the heavy products into
  gas, gasoline and diesel. The yield can be
  increased further by adding hydrogen, a process
  called hydrocracking or by using deep conversion
  to remove carbon.
• Treating. Choices of a treating method depend on
  the nature of the petroleum fractions, amount and
  type of impurities in the fractions to be
  treated, the extent to which the process removes
  the impurities, and end-product specifications.
  Treating materials include acids, solvents,
  alkalis, oxidizing, and adsorption agents.

5
Can you explain the full process of oil refinery?

• Treating involves removing or significantly
  reducing molecules that are corrosive or cause
  air pollution, especially sulfur. There are
  governmental institutes which make it mandatory
  for the oil refining industry to keep a check on
  the toxic emissions.  The purpose of these
  measures is to improve air quality and optimize
  the effectiveness of catalytic converters used to
  treat exhaust gas.

6
(No Transcript)
7
Reference

• https//www.quora.com/Can-you-explain-the-full-pro
  cess-of-oil-refinery
• https//www.nayaraenergy.com/about-us
• https//www.nayaraenergy.com/

8
Thank Youhttps//www.nayaraenergy.com/