Netherlands Part 1.pps

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THE NETHERLANDS
GO TO TABLE OF CONTENTS

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands Anthem

3
"God made the world, but the Dutch made Holland"
About one-half of the Netherlands, or Holland
was once covered by the sea or by lakes and
swamps.

Presenter Notes
About one-half of the Netherlands, or Holland
was once covered by the sea or by lakes and
swamps.

4
"God made the world, but the Dutch made Holland"
By the arduous building of dikes and draining the
water, the Dutch people reclaimed a large part of
Holland from the sea.

Presenter Notes
By the arduous building of dikes and draining the
water, the Dutch people reclaimed a large part of
Holland from the sea.

5
Netherlands Flag
Although it is one of the smallest countries in
Europe, the Kingdom of The Netherlands played an
important role in the history of the continent.

Presenter Notes
Although it is one of the smallest countries in
Europe, the Kingdom of The Netherlands played an
important role in the history of the continent.

6
Netherlands Colonies
At one time it was a great sea power and a trade
rival of England on the oceans of the world. The
Dutch established colonies on several continents.

Presenter Notes
At one time it was a great sea power and a trade
rival of England on the oceans of the world. The
Dutch established colonies on several continents.

7
The Netherlands
Today the Netherlands is no longer a great
colonial power, but it still plays a significant
role in European affairs

Presenter Notes
Today the Netherlands is no longer a great
colonial power, but it still plays a significant
role in European affairs,

8
The Netherlands
and its location makes it a major gateway to
Europe for sea, land, and air traffic.

Presenter Notes
and its location makes it a major gateway to
Europe for sea, land, and air traffic.

9

• The Netherlands
• Holland
• Dutch Nederland
• Kingdom of The Netherlands
• Koninkrijk der Nederlanden

The Netherlands, often referred to as Holland,
is officially called the Kingdom of The
Netherlands, Dutch Nederland or Koninkrijk der
Nederlanden.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands, often referred to as Holland,
is officially called the Kingdom of The
Netherlands , Dutch Nederland or Koh-nink rike
der Nederlanden.

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North Holland(Noord Holland)
South Holland(Zuid Holland)
Actually Holland is the name of just a part of
the Netherlands. It was originally one province,
but is now split up into two provinces

Presenter Notes
Actually Holland is the name of just a part of
the Netherlands. It was originally one province,
but is now split up into two provinces

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North Holland(Noord Holland)
South Holland(Zuid Holland)
North Holland (or Noord Holland) and South
Holland (or Zuid Holland). Amsterdam is in Noord
Holland.

Presenter Notes
North Holland (or Noord Holland) and South
Holland (or Zuid Holland. Amsterdam is in Noord
Holland.

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North Holland(Noord Holland)
South Holland(Zuid Holland)
Most of the early explorers and merchants were
from the province of Holland and it was because
of this that the entire country is often referred
to as Holland by the English-speaking world.

Presenter Notes
Most of the early explorers and merchants were
from the province of Holland, and it was because
of this that the entire country is often referred
to as Holland by the English-Speaking world.

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Netherlands nether lands The word nether
is an old English word meaning lying below the
earths surface, as in the expression nether
world.

Presenter Notes
The word Netherlands comes from the two words
nether lands. The word nether is an old
English word meaning lying below the earths
surface, as in the expression nether world.

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Netherlands nether lands The word nether
is an old English word meaning lying below the
earths surface, as in the expression nether
world.
The word beneath also has as its root the word
nether.

Presenter Notes
The word beneath also has as its root the word
nether.

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Holland hollow land The word hollow is an
English word meaning depressed below the
surrounding surface

Presenter Notes
The word Holland comes from hollow land. The
word hollow is an English word meaning
depressed below the surrounding surface,

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Holland hollow land The word hollow is an
English word meaning depressed below the
surrounding surface, as often used to describe
the isolated valleys in Appalachia (hollers in
the local hillbilly dialect).
Holland is one of the lowest parts of the
Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
as often used to describe the isolated valleys
in Appalachia, or hollers in the local
hillbilly dialect. Holland is one of the lowest
parts of the Netherlands.

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NETHERLANDS LANGUAGE NEDERLANDS
The language of the Netherlands is called
Nederlands, but is often referred to as Dutch.

Presenter Notes
The language of the Netherlands is called
Nederlands, but is often referred to as Dutch.

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Dutch People or language of the Netherlands
Nederlands Language of the Netherlands Deutsch
German People or language of Germany
The word Dutch refers to the people and language
of the Netherlands, although it is a misnomer
because it comes from the word Deutsch referring
to Germans.

Presenter Notes
The word Dutch refers to the people and language
of the Netherlands, although it is a misnomer
because it comes from the word Deutsch referring
to Germans.

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Dutch People or language of the Netherlands
Nederlands Language of the Netherlands Deutsch
German People or language of Germany
Its usage may have come about because the two
languages bear some similarity and because the
two countries are adjacent.

Presenter Notes
Its usage may have come about because the two
languages bear some similarity and because the
two countries are adjacent.

20
Dutch People or language of the Netherlands
Nederlands Language of the Netherlands Deutsch
German People or language of Germany
Another confusing thing is that the Pennsylvania
Dutch are not Dutch at all. They are actually
Deutsch, having come originally from Germany.

Presenter Notes
Another confusing thing is that the Pennsylvania
Dutch are not Dutch at all. They are actually
Deutsch, having come originally from Germany.

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English one two three four five
Nederlands een twee drie vier vijf
German eins zwei drei vier fünf
Danish én to tre fire fem
Norwegian en to tre fire fem
Swedish en två tre fyra fem
Icelandic einn tveir þrír fjórir fimm
Finnish yksi kaksi kolme neljä viisi
The language of the Netherlands is the language
on the continent of Europe that is the most
closely related to English. Here are the numbers
one through five in various languages

Presenter Notes
The language of the Netherlands is the language
on the continent of Europe that is the most
closely related to English. Here are the numbers
one through five in various languages

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English six seven eight nine ten
Nederlands zes zeven acht negen tien
German sechs sieben acht neun zehn
Danish seks syv otte ni ti
Norwegian seks sju åtte ni ti
Swedish sex sju åtta nio tio
Icelandic sex sjö átta níu tíu
Finnish kuusi seitsemän kahdeksan yhdeksän kymmenen
and here are the numbers five through ten. We
see that Nederlands is closely related to both
English and German, somewhat in between the two.

Presenter Notes
and here are the numbers five through ten. We
see that Nederlands is closely related to both
English and German, somewhat in between the two.

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The Low Countries are collectively the three
small countries of Belgium, Luxemburg and The
Netherlands
The Low Countries are also known as the Benelux
countries.

Presenter Notes
The Low Countries are collectively the three
small countries of the Netherlands, Belgium, and
Luxemburg and also known as the Benelux
countries.

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As the name implies, the area of the Low
Countries is generally very low, flat land.

Presenter Notes
As the name implies, this area is generally very
low, and flat land.

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However, most of Belgium, especially the southern
part in the Ardennes, is not at a low elevation
at all ...

Presenter Notes
However, most of Belgium, especially the southern
part in the Ardennes, is not at a low elevation
at all ...

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. and Luxemburg is actually very hilly and even
mountainous.

Presenter Notes
... and Luxemburg is actually very hilly and even
mountainous.

27
In French, the Netherlands is called Pays-Bas
meaning low country, but here the term refers to
the Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
In French, the Netherlands is called Pays-Bas
meaning low country, but here the term refers to
the Netherlands.

28
The land area of the Netherlands is just a little
bit larger than the U.S. state of Maryland.

Presenter Notes
The land area of the Netherlands is just a little
bit larger than the state of Maryland.

29
Distances are short. No place in the Netherlands
is more than about 125 miles or 200 km from
Amsterdam.
125 MILE RADIUS

Presenter Notes
Distances are short. No place in the Netherlands
is more than about 125 miles or 200 km from
Amsterdam.

30
Amsterdam is the Capital
The Hague (Den Haag) is the Seat of Government
The capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam, but
the seat of government is just a short distance
away in The Hague or in Dutch, Den Haag.

Presenter Notes
The capital of the Netherlands is Amsterdam, but
the seat of government is just a short distance
away in The Hague or in Dutch, Den Haag.

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Land Below Sea Level
About half of the Netherlands is below sea level.
Land Above Sea Level

Presenter Notes
About half of the Netherlands is below sea level.

32
North Sea
Much of the Netherlands consists of reclaimed
land. This is the result of a long process of
careful water management dating back to medieval
times.

Presenter Notes
Much of the Netherlands consists of reclaimed
land. This is the result of a long process of
careful water management dating back to medieval
times.

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North Sea
Along the coasts, land was reclaimed from the
North Sea, and in the interior, lakes and marshes
were drained.

Presenter Notes
Along the coasts, land was reclaimed from the
North Sea, and in the interior, lakes and marshes
were drained.

34
Polder
Ditch or Canal
Dike
Polder Surrounded by a Dike
All of this new land was turned into polders,
usually surrounded by dikes.

Presenter Notes
All of this new land was turned into polders,
usually surrounded by dikes.

35
BEFORE
Polder
As the water is pumped out of the polder, new
land is formed.

Presenter Notes
As the water is pumped out of the polder, new
land is formed ...

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The water pumped out of the polder is carried off
in the ditches and canals.
Polder

Presenter Notes
and the water is carried off in the ditches and
canals.

37
Windmills Were Used to Drain the Land
Initially, manpower and horsepower were used to
drain the land, but they were later replaced by
windmills.

Presenter Notes
Initially, manpower and horsepower were used to
drain the land, but they were later replaced by
windmills.

38
Windmills Were Used to Drain the Land
In the 20th century, steam pumps and later,
electric and diesel pumps came into use.

Presenter Notes
In the 20th century, steam pumps and later,
electric and diesel pumps came into use.

39
If the Netherlands were to lose the protection of
its dunes and dikes, the most densely populated
part of the country would be inundated, largely
by the sea, but also in part by the rivers.

Presenter Notes
If the Netherlands were to lose the protection of
its dunes and dikes, the most densely populated
part of the country would be inundated, largely
by the sea, but also in part by the rivers.

40
The most highly developed part of the Netherlands
is not more than about 3 feet or 1 meter above
sea level
ROTTERDAM
AMSTERDAM
SEA LEVEL
NORTH SEA
NETHERLANDS
NETHERLANDS

Presenter Notes
The most highly developed part of the Netherlands
is not more than about 3 feet, or 1 meter, above
sea level

41
. and this covers more than half the total area
of the country including the two largest cities
of Amsterdam and Rotterdam.
ROTTERDAM
AMSTERDAM
SEA LEVEL
NORTH SEA
NETHERLANDS
NETHERLANDS

Presenter Notes
and this covers more than half the total area of
the country including the two largest cities of
Amsterdam and Rotterdam.

42
The low-lying area includes Amsterdam The
Hagueand Rotterdam
Land Below Sea Level

Presenter Notes
This low-lying area includes Amsterdam, The
Hague, and Rotterdam.

43
The population density in this region is so high
that this region is almost one continuous urban
area.
Land Below Sea Level

Presenter Notes
The population density in this region is so high
that this region is almost one continuous urban
area.

44
The Rhine River starts in the mountains of
Switzerland and ends its thousand mile journey in
the Netherlands by emptying out into the North
Sea near Rotterdam.

Presenter Notes
The Rhine River starts in the mountains of
Switzerland and ends its thousand mile journey in
the Netherlands by emptying out into the North
Sea near Rotterdam.

45
Actually the Rhine splits up into several
distributaries when it reaches the Netherlands,
principally, the Waal, the Lek, and the Ijssel.

Presenter Notes
Actually the Rhine splits up into several
distributaries when it reaches the Netherlands,
principally, the Waal, the Lek, and the i sell.

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IJSSEL
LEK
WAAL
RHINE
The Rhine flows north through Germany and then
enters the Netherlands. Much of The Netherlands
is actually the delta of the Rhine River. The
river deposits sediments as it slows down in the
flatlands of the Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
The Rhine flows north through Germany and then
enters The Netherlands. Much of The Netherlands
is actually the delta of the Rhine River. The
river deposits sediments as it slows down in the
flatlands of The Netherlands.

47
IJSSELMEER
IJSSEL
LEK
WAAL
The IJssel, flows northward to the IJsselmeer.
The Lek and Waal flow parallel to one another and
are connected by side streams and canals and
enter the North Sea just west of Rotterdam.
RHINE

Presenter Notes
The I sell, flows northward to the i sellmeer.
The Lek and Waal flow parallel to one another and
are connected by side streams and canals and
enter the North Sea just west of Rotterdam.

48
IJSSEL
LEK
WAAL
MAAS
The Maas rises in France, where it is called the
Meuse, and flows through Belgium to enter the
Netherlands at its most southerly point. It then
flows northward and then westward parallel to,
and close to the Waal and the Lek to enter the
North Sea.
MAAS
RHINE
MEUSE

Presenter Notes
The Maas rises in France, where it is called the
Meuse, and flows through Belgium to enter the
Netherlands, at its most southerly point. It then
flows northward and then westward parallel to,
and close to the Waal and the Lek to enter the
North Sea.

49
Sailing on the Zuiderzee
The Zuiderzee was originally an estuary of the
Rhine. By natural action it then became a shallow
sea, biting deep into the land, and eventually it
was hollowed into an almost circular shape by the
action of winds and tides.

Presenter Notes
The Ziderzee was originally an estuary of the
Rhine. By natural action it then became a shallow
sea, biting deep into the land, and eventually it
was hollowed into an almost circular shape by the
action of winds and tides.

50
North Sea Noordzee
The word Zuiderzee means South Sea.
Zuiderzee
The word Zuiderzee means south sea in contrast
to the much larger North Sea to which it was
connected.

Presenter Notes
The word Ziderzee means south sea in contrast
to the much larger North Sea to which it was
connected.

51
The Zuiderzee is gone. Its nowhere to be seen
!!!!
Many of you are familiar with the Hans Brinker
childrens stories having to do with the Zuider
Zee. Well the Zuider Zee is gone. Its nowhere to
be seen.
Hans Brinker

Presenter Notes
Many of you are familiar with the Hans Brinker
childrens stories having to do with the Zider
Zee. Well the Zider Zee is gone. Its nowhere to
be seen.

52
What Happened to the Zuiderzee ?
Hans Brinker

Presenter Notes
What Happened to the Ziderzee ?

53
IJsselmeer DamAfsluitdijk Part of the Zuiderzee
Project Begun in 1927
In 1920 work was begun on the Zuiderzee project,
of which the IJsselmeer Dam or Afsluitdijk, begun
in 1927, was a part.

Presenter Notes
In 1920 work was begun on the Ziderzee project,
of which the i sellmeer Dam or Off loo its dike,
begun in 1927, was a part.

54
Afsluitdijk Completed in 1932
This is a 19 mile, or 31 km dam.
This 19 mile, or 31 km dam, or dike, running
northeastward to connect the provinces of
Noord-Holland and Friesland, was completed in
1932 to finally seal off the Zuiderzee from the
North Sea.

Presenter Notes
This 19 mile, or 31 km dam, or dike, running
northeastward to connect the provinces of
Noord-Holland and Friesland, was completed in
1932 to finally seal off the Ziderzee from the
North Sea.

55
Afsluitdijk
Ijsselmeer
With the closing of the Afsluitdijk, the salt
water Zuiderzee became a fresh water lake called
the Ijsselmeer or Ijssel Lake.

Presenter Notes
With the closing of the Off loo its dike, the
salt water Ziderzee became a fresh water lake
called the i sellmeer or i sell Lake.

56
Friesland
Afsluitdijk
Noord Holland
The Afsluitdijk also serves as a bridge or
causeway across the water from North Holland to
Friesland.

Presenter Notes
The Off loo its dike also serves as a bridge or
causeway across the water from North Holland to
Friesland.

57
Flevoland is the newest province of The
Netherlands.
In the IJsselmeer, or IJssel Lake, formed from
the southern part of the Zuiderzee, four large
polders were constructed around a freshwater
basin fed by the IJssel and other rivers and
linked with the sea by sluices and locks in the
barrier dam. The largest polder, Flevoland, is
the newest province of The Netherlands.
Flevoland

Presenter Notes
In the i sellmeer, or i sell Lake, formed from
the southern part of the Zuiderzee, four large
polders were constructed around a freshwater
basin fed by the i sell and other rivers and
linked with the sea by sluices and locks in the
barrier dam. The largest polder, Flevoland, is
the newest province of The Netherlands.

58
THE DELTA PLAN

Presenter Notes
THE DELTA PLAN

59
Arms of the North Sea penetrate deep inland.
Along the west coast of The Netherlands there are
a number of arms of the North Sea that penetrate
deep inland.

Presenter Notes
Along the west coast of The Netherlands there are
a number of arms of the North Sea that penetrate
deep inland.

60
Feb. 1 1953
Disastrous gales and a spring tide
Zeeland
In the southwest part of The Netherlands, the
disastrous gales and spring tide of Feb. 1, 1953,
flooded 400,000 acres of land and killed 1,800
people. This accelerated the implementation of
the massive Delta Plan, which closed the sea to
southwestern delta region, mostly in the province
of Zeeland.

Presenter Notes
In the southwest part of The Netherlands, the
disastrous gales and spring tide of Feb. 1, 1953,
flooded 400,000 acres of land and killed 1,800
people. This accelerated the implementation of
the massive Delta Plan, which closed the sea to
The Netherlands region of the southwestern delta,
mostly in the province of Zeeland.

61
Delta Project dams shorten the coastline by 450
miles and stop the storm surges.
The Delta Project was completed in 1997 and was
designed to shorten the coastline by 450 miles,
or 726 km.

Presenter Notes
The Delta Project was completed in 1997 and was
designed to shorten the coastline by 450 miles,
or 726 km.

62
East ScheldtOosterschelde Storm Surge Barrier
The largest of these dams, crossing the
five-mile-wide East Schelde (Oosterschelde)
estuary, is in the form of a storm-surge barrier
incorporating 61 openings that can be closed in
the event of flood. The barrier is normally open,
allowing salt water to enter the estuary and
about 75 percent of the tidal movement to be
maintained.

Presenter Notes
The largest of these dams, crossing the
five-mile-wide East Schelde (Oosterschelde)
estuary, is in the form of a storm-surge barrier
incorporating 61 openings that can be closed in
the event of flood. The barrier is normally open,
allowing salt water to enter the estuary and
about 75 percent of the tidal movement to be
maintained.

63
The Netherlands has a population of 16 million.
This is to be compared to the United States with
a population of 300 million and the United
Kingdom with a population of 60 million.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands has a population of 16 million.
This is to be compared to the United States with
a population of 300 million and the United
Kingdom with a population of 60 million.

64
The Netherlands is quite a small country in area.
Here is a comparison of The Netherlands to the
United States and the United Kingdom.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands is quite a small country in area.
Here is a comparison of The Netherlands to the
United States and the United Kingdom.

65
The Netherlands has a very high population
density of 393 people per square km. This is to
be compared to the United States with a
population density of 30 people per square km and
the United Kingdom with a population density of
246 people per square km.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands has a very high population
density of 393 people per square km . This is to
be compared to the United States with a
population density of 30 people per square km,
and the United Kingdom with a population density
of 246 people per square km.

66
Groningen
Friesland Noord- (North) Holland Zuid- (South)
Holland Zeeland
The Netherlands is divided into 12 provinces.
Along the coast from north to south is,
Groningen, Friesland, Noord (North) Holland, Zuid
(South) Holland and Zeeland.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands is divided into 12 provinces.
Along the coast from north to south is,
Groningen, Friesland, Noord, or Northz Holland,
Zuid, or South) Holland and Zeeland.

67
Drenthe Flevoland Overijssel Gelderland Utrecht
Noord-Brabant Limburg
These are the other provinces to the east.

Presenter Notes
These are the other provinces to the east. From
north to south they are, Dren-teh, Flevoland,
Over i-sell, Gelderland, ooh-trecht, Noord
Brabant, and Limburg

68
Here are the principal cities of the Netherlands.
The capital cities of the provinces are shown in
red.

Presenter Notes
Here are the principal cities of the Netherlands.
The capital cities of the provinces are shown in
red.

69
Here is a comparison of the population of the ten
largest cities of the Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
Here is a comparison of the population of the ten
largest cities of the Netherlands

70
We see that Amsterdam is the largest city, with
Rotterdam a close second, and The Hague in third
place.

Presenter Notes
We see that Amsterdam is the largest city, with
Rotterdam a close second, and The Hague in third
place.

71
Randstad Holland The Urban Core is comprised of
RotterdamThe Hague LeidenHaarlem Amsterdam
HilversumUtrecht
Most of The Netherlands population is
concentrated in the urban core known as the
Randstad Holland.

Presenter Notes
Most of The Netherlands population is
concentrated in the urban core known as the
Randstad Holland.



72
Randstad Holland The Urban Core is comprised of
RotterdamThe Hague LeidenHaarlem Amsterdam
HilversumUtrecht
The population density in Randstad Holland of
1,100 per square km is more than twice that of
New Jersey, the U.S. state with the highest
population density at 438 per sq. km. The average
population density of the Netherlands as a whole
of 390 per square km is about the same as the
state of Massachusetts at 313 per sq. km.

Presenter Notes
The population density in Rahndstad Holland of
1,100 per square km, is more than twice that of
New Jersey, the U.S. state with the highest
population density, at 438 per square km . The
average population density of The Netherlands as
a whole of 390 per square km, is about the same
as the state of Massachusetts, at 313 per square
km.



73
The Central Netherlands Urban Ring
Extensions of the Randstad stretch toward the
east toward Arnhem and Nijmegen and to the south
to Breda, Tilburg and Eindhoven. This forms the
Central Netherlands Urban Ring where almost all
of the population of The Netherlands is
concentrated.

Presenter Notes
Extensions of the Randstad stretch toward the
east toward Arnhem and Nijmegen and to the south
to Breda, Tilburg and Eindhoven. This forms the
Central Netherlands Urban Ring where almost all
of the population of The Netherlands is
concentrated.

74
NETHERLANDS
CLIMATE

Presenter Notes
Netherlands Climate

75
CLIMATE

• The Netherlands has a typical maritime climate.
• The predominantly westerly winds bring much
  moisture in the form of rain.
• Winters are generally mild and summers cool from
  the influence of the sea.
• A common winter problem is fog.
• The coast is subject to strong gales that can
  cause considerable damage.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands has a typical maritime climate.
The predominantly westerly winds bring much
moisture in the form of rain. Winters are
generally mild and summers cool from the
influence of the sea. A common winter problem is
fog. The coast is subject to strong gales that
can cause considerable damage.

76
AVERAGE HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURES
AMSTERDAM
ºF
Here are the average high and low temperatures in
degrees Fahrenheit throughout the year in
Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Here are the average high and low temperatures in
degrees Fahrenheit throughout the year in
Amsterdam.

77
AVERAGE HIGH AND LOW TEMPERATURES
ºC
AMSTERDAM
Here are the average high and low temperatures in
degrees Celsius throughout the year in Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Here are the average high and low temperatures in
degrees Celsius throughout the year in Amsterdam.

78
AVERAGE MONTHLY RAINFALL
INCHES
AMSTERDAM
YEAR 32 IN.
Here is the average monthly rainfall in inches
throughout the year in Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Here is the average monthly rainfall in inches
throughout the year in Amsterdam.

79
AVERAGE MONTHLY RAINFALL
MM
AMSTERDAM
YEAR 310 MM
Here is the average monthly rainfall in
millimeters throughout the year in Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Here is the average monthly rainfall in
millimeters throughout the year in Amsterdam.

80
THE DUTCH CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ARTS
The Dutch have made great contributions to
European culture. In particular the Dutch
dominated European art in the 16th and 17th
centuries.

Presenter Notes
The Dutch have made great contributions to
European culture. In particular the Dutch
dominated European art in the 16th and 17th
centuries.

81
Netherlands
Some of the earlier painters were Dutch speaking,
but lived in what is now the area of northern
Belgium known as Flanders.
Flanders
Belgium

Presenter Notes
Some of the earlier painters were Dutch speaking
but lived in what is now the area of northern
Belgium known as Flanders.

82
The most famous Dutch painter of the early period
was Hieronymus Bosch, whose work was based on
themes of fantasy.

Presenter Notes
The most famous Dutch painter of the early period
was Hieronymus Bosch, whose work was based on
themes of fantasy.

83
Hieronymus Bosch

Presenter Notes
A work by Hieronymus Bosch.

84
Hieronymus Bosch

Presenter Notes
Another work by Hieronymus Bosch.



85
Garden Party - Frans Hals
In the late 16th century, painters concentrated
on portraits, still lifes, and landscapes.

Presenter Notes
In the late 16th century, painters concentrated
on portraits, still lifes, and landscapes.

86
Gypsy Frans Hals
Frans Hals was best known for his portraits and
humorous scenes.

Presenter Notes
Frans Hals was best known for his portraits and
humorous scenes.

87
Many of my paintings were commissioned by the
rich middle class that was produced by the
success of Dutch trade.
Self Portrait Rembrandt
Hals was followed by Rembrandt van Rijn, without
doubt the greatest of the Dutch painters.

Presenter Notes
Hals was followed by Rembrandt van Rine, without
doubt the greatest of the Dutch painters. His
portraits and groups were commissioned by the
rich middle class that was produced by the
success of Dutch trade.

88
David's Farewell to Jonathan
Rembrandt also painted themes from the Bible.

Presenter Notes
Rembrandt also painted themes from the Bible.

89
Girl Reading Letter at an Open Window Johannes
Vermeer
Johannes Vermeer, on the other hand, painted
people engaged in the various activities of daily
life, such as his Girl Reading Letter at an
Open Window.

Presenter Notes
Johannes Vermeer, on the other hand, painted
people engaged in the various activities of daily
life, such as his Girl Reading Letter at an Open
Window.

90
Milkmaid Johannes Vermeer

Presenter Notes
... and Milkmaid.

91
Rhetoric Jan Steen
Other painters of the 17th century include Jan
Steen ...

Presenter Notes
Other painters of the 17th century include yahn
Steen ...

92
The Shore at Egmond-an-Zee c. 1675 Jacob van
Ruisdael
... Jacob van Ruisdael ...

Presenter Notes
... Jacob van Roys-dale

93
The Guild - Ferdinand Bol
... and Ferdinand Bol.

Presenter Notes
... and Ferdinand Bol.

94
Self Portrait Vincent van Gogh
Vincent van Gogh was born in the Netherlands and
later went to France, where he painted under the
influence of the French impressionists.

Presenter Notes
Vincent van Gogh was born in the Netherlands and
later went to France, where he painted under the
influence of the French impressionists.

95
Potato Eaters - Vincent van Gogh
One of van Goghs most famous paintings is the
Potato Eaters.

Presenter Notes
One of van Goghs most famous paintings is the
Potato Eaters.

96
The Amsterdam Concertgebouw
The Netherlands has one of the world's greatest
concert halls, the Amsterdam Concertgebouw.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands has one of the world's greatest
concert halls, the Amsterdam Concertgebouw.

97
Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra
Nine hundred concerts per year take place in the
Concertgebouw, for a public of over 800,000,
making it the second most-visited concert hall in
the world

Presenter Notes
Nine hundred concerts per year take place in the
Concertgebouw, for a public of over 800,000,
making it the second most-visited concert hall in
the world

98
Although I was born in Bonn, Germany, I am from
Dutch ancestry a fact that may be noted from
the characteristic Dutch van in my name.
Ludwig van Beethoven

Presenter Notes
Although Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn,
Germany, he is from Dutch ancestry a fact that
may be noted from the characteristic Dutch van
in his name.

99
ARCHITECTURE
Dutch architecture is notable. Church
architecture flourished in the Middle Ages, and
several churches date from this period. In the
17th century Dutch architects designed palaces
and country and town houses.

Presenter Notes
Dutch architecture is notable. Church
architecture flourished in the Middle Ages, and
several churches date from this period. In the
17th century Dutch architects designed palaces
and country and town houses.

100
One of the major features is the use of large
ornamental gables.
Later periods in Dutch architecture were more
influenced by foreign styles.

Presenter Notes
One of the major features is the use of large
ornamental gables. Later periods in Dutch
architecture were more influenced by foreign
styles.

101
INDUSTRY
Philips produces electrical and electronic goods.
Dutch industry is dominated by three large firms.
Philips, located in Eindhoven, produces
electrical and electronic goods, including
televisions, radios, and computers. Some Philips
products are sold in the U.S. under the name
Norelco.

Presenter Notes
Dutch industry is dominated by three large firms.
Philips, located in Eindhoven, produces
electrical and electronic goods, including
televisions, radios, and computers. Some Philips
products are sold in the United States under the
name Norelco.

102
INDUSTRY
Unilever makes synthetic fibers, chemicals, and
pharmaceuticals.

Presenter Notes
Unilever makes synthetic fibers, chemicals, and
pharmaceuticals.

103
INDUSTRY
Royal Dutch Shell
Petroleum refining is a major industry. Royal
Dutch/Shell is a major international oil and
natural-gas producer.

Presenter Notes
Petroleum refining is a major industry. Royal
Dutch Shell is a major international oil and
natural-gas producer.

104
Schiphol Airport
The main international airport of the Netherlands
is Schiphol near Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
The main international airport of the Netherlands
is Schiphol near Amsterdam.

105
Schiphol is below sea level and the name is
thought to come from ship hollow because of the
remains of ships found there.
Schiphol Airport

Presenter Notes
Schiphol is actually below sea level and the name
is thought to come from ship hollow because of
the remains of ships found there.

106
Schiphol is the headquarters of the Royal Dutch
Airlines (KLM), one of the major airlines of the
world.

Presenter Notes
Schiphol is the headquarters of the Royal Dutch
Airlines (KLM), one of the major airlines of the
world.

107
The Netherlands is well suited for the use of
bicycles (fietsers).
With its flat terrain and generally mild climate,
the country is well suited for the use of the
bicycle. Cycling is a sport, a form of
recreation, and a method of transportation.

Presenter Notes
With its flat terrain and generally mild climate,
the country is well suited for the use of the
bicycle. Cycling is a sport, a form of
recreation, and a method of transportation.

108
Many people go to work or to school by bicycle
and there is a very extensive network of bicycle
paths all over the country.

Presenter Notes
Many people go to work or to school by bicycle
and there is a very extensive network of bicycle
paths all over the country.

109
AGRICULTURE
Agriculture still provides a number of products,
many of which are exported. More than half of the
farmed area is under grass and is used for
grazing or hay growing to feed dairy cows.

Presenter Notes
Agriculture still provides a number of products,
many of which are exported. More than half of the
farmed area is under grass and is used for
grazing or hay growing to feed dairy cows.

110
Butter and cheese are exported and Edam and Gouda
cheese are known around the world.

Presenter Notes
Butter and cheese are exported and Edam and Gouda
cheese are known around the world.

111
Tulips
Tulips are a favorite flower of The Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
Tulips are a favorite flower of The Netherlands.

112
Tulip Field
Tulip fields abound almost everywhere.

Presenter Notes
Tulip fields abound almost everywhere.

113
Flower bulbs, especially tulips, are an important
export.
Tulip Bulbs

Presenter Notes
Flower bulbs, especially tulips, are an important
export.

114
Broodjes
Broodjes are simply sandwiches, and theyre big
in the Netherlands, filled with all manner of
edibles roast beef, roast pork, various
sausages, liver, kroketten. or croquettes,
herring, smoked eel, almost anything, really. But
the most basic of Dutch broodjes is the broodjeh
kaas, with cheese.
Broodjes

Presenter Notes
Brood yehs are simply sandwiches, and theyre big
in the Netherlands, filled with all manner of
edibles roast beef, roast pork, various
sausages, liver, kroketten or croquettes,
herring, smoked eel, almost anything, really. But
the most basic of Dutch brood yehs is the brood
yeh kaas, with cheese.

115
Fishing is one of the traditional activities of
the Dutch, who are major exporters of fish. The
Dutch themselves eat much salted and pickled
herring.
Fishing

Presenter Notes
Fishing is one of the traditional activities of
the Dutch, who are major exporters of fish. The
Dutch themselves eat much salted and pickled
herring.

116
NETHERLANDS
HISTORY
A very brief history of the Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
A very brief history of the Netherlands.

117
AMSTERDAM HISTORY TIMELINE
1270 A protective dam was built where the Amstel
river joins the Zuiderzee and Amstelledamme was
born. 1300 Amsterdam was granted its town
charter and developed into an important center
of trade.

Presenter Notes
In 1270, a protective dam was built where the
Amstel river joins the Ziderzee and
Amstelledamme was born. By the year 13 hundred
Amsterdam was granted its town charter and
developed into an important center of trade.

118
The Low Countries in the Late 15th Century
In the Middle Ages, The Low Countries (now known
as Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) were
divided into small states, duchies, and counties.
Each was separately ruled, and constantly at war
with its neighbors.

Presenter Notes
In the Middle Ages, The Low Countries (now known
as Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg) were
divided into small states, duchies, and counties.
Each was separately ruled, and constantly at war
with its neighbors.

119
15th Century Amsterdam was destroyed by fire
and it took 4 years to rebuild. The use of
straw and wood as building materials was
prohibited.

Presenter Notes
In the 15th century Amsterdam was destroyed by
fire and it took four years to rebuild. The use
of straw and wood as building materials was
thereafter prohibited.

120
1515 The Habsburg Emperor Charles V becomes
ruler of Holland and as a result Holland becomes
a Spanish possession. 1578 The troops of
William of Orange drive the Spanish out of
Amsterdam

Presenter Notes
In 1515 the Habsburg Emperor Charles V became
ruler of Holland and as a result Holland became a
Spanish possession.

In 1578 the troops of William of Orange drove the
Spanish out of Amsterdam

121
The Netherlands was part of my Habsburg domains
when I became King of Spain in 1516.
Habsburg Emperor Charles V Portrait by Titian

Presenter Notes
The Habsburg Emperor Charles V becomes King of
Spain in 1516. As a result Holland became a
Spanish possession.

122
I, Philip II of Spain, became ruler of the
Netherlands in 1556.
1556
In 1556 the Hapsburg emperor Charles V abdicated,
and Philip II of Spain became ruler of a vast
kingdom that included the Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
In 1556 The Hapsburg emperor Charles V abdicated,
and Philip II of Spain became ruler of a vast
kingdom that included the Netherlands.

123
In 1568, I, William the 1st, Prince of Orange led
the fight that drove the Spaniards out of the
region.
1568
William I, the Silent, Prince of Orange

Presenter Notes
In 1568, William the 1st, Prince of Orange led
the fight that drove the Spaniards out of the
region.

124
1579Union of Utrecht
In 1579 the Protestant states formed the Union of
Utrecht, and declared themselves independent in
1581.

Presenter Notes
In 1579 The Protestant states formed the Union of
Utrecht and declared themselves independent in
1581.

125
In 1581 I became the first stadtholder of the
United Provinces, or Dutch Netherlands.
In 1581 William of Orange became the first
hereditary stadtholder of the United Provinces,
or Dutch Netherlands, and in 1609 The United
Provinces forced Spain to sign a truce that
recognized their independence.
William of Orange

Presenter Notes
In 1581 William of Orange became the first
hereditary stadtholder of the United Provinces,
or Dutch Netherlands, and in 1609 The United
Provinces forced Spain to sign a truce that
recognized their independence.

126
In 1602 The East Indies Trading Company was
established for trade with Asia.

Presenter Notes
In 1602, The East Indies Trading Company was
established for trade with Asia.

127
1621 Dutch West India Trading Companyis
established.

Presenter Notes
In 1621, The West Indies Trading Company was
established for trade with the Americas.



128
Dutch Trading Empire in 1650

Presenter Notes
The Dutch established a vast trading empire. This
is the Dutch trading empire in 1650.

129
17th Century -"The Golden Century
Amsterdam in the 17th Century
The 17th century was "The Golden Century with
Amsterdam being the most important trading city
in the world as well as a major cultural center.

Presenter Notes
The 17th century was "The Golden Century with
Amsterdam being the most important trading city
in the world as well as a major cultural center.

130
The Nightwatch Rembrandt 1642
In 1642 Rembrandt painted The Nightwatch.

Presenter Notes
In 1642, Rembrandt painted The Nightwatch

131
Amsterdam - 1652
By around 1650 Amsterdam became the largest city
in the Netherlands with 200,000 inhabitants.

Presenter Notes
By around 16 50 Amsterdam became the largest city
in the Netherlands with 200,000 inhabitants.

132
ANGLO-DUTCH WARS 1652 1674 and 1781 - 1810
Dutch Attack on the Medway, June 1667 - Pieter
Cornelisz van Soest
The English and Dutch competed fiercely over
trade routes and colonies. This resulted in a
series of four wars called the Anglo-Dutch wars
in the periods 1652 to 1674, and then 1781 to
1810. These were mostly battles at sea.

Presenter Notes
The English and Dutch competed fiercely over
trade routes and colonies. This resulted in a
series of four wars called the Anglo-Dutch wars
in the periods 16 52 to 16 74, and then 1781 to
1810. These were mostly battles at sea.

133
AMSTERDAM HISTORY TIMELINE
1800 - 1812Napoleonic Wars France occupied the
Netherlands Amsterdams economic power
waned Amsterdam remained the capital city, but
the seat of government was transferred to The
Hague.

Presenter Notes
During the Napoleonic Wars of 1800 to 1812,
France occupied the Netherlands and imposed the
continental blockade against England, Amsterdams
economic power waned. By 1813, Amsterdam remained
the capital city, but the seat of government was
transferred to The Hague.

134
1830
Kingdom of Belgium
In 1830 the southern provinces rebelled and set
up the new Kingdom of Belgium.

Presenter Notes
In 1830 the southern provinces rebelled and set
up the new Kingdom of Belgium.

135
World War I 1914-1918 During World War I the
Dutch succeeded in remaining neutral.

Presenter Notes
During World War I the Dutch succeeded in
remaining neutral.

136
World War II
Germans Invade the NetherlandsMay 10, 1940

Presenter Notes
During World War II, the Germans invaded the
Netherlands on May 10, 1940.

137
AMSTERDAM HISTORY TIMELINE
World War II1940-1945 Amsterdam occupied by
German troops.

Presenter Notes
Amsterdam was occupied by German troops from 1940
to 1945.

138
Rotterdam's city center and more than one-third
of the port's facilities were destroyed by the
German bombing. The city hall (1918), the main
post office (1923), and the stock exchange were
among the few public buildings that escaped
destruction.
View of Rotterdam after German Bombing - May 1940

Presenter Notes
Rotterdam's city center and more than one-third
of the port's facilities were

ed by the German bombing. The city hall (1918),
the main post office (1923), and the stock
exchange were among the few public buildings that
escaped destruction.

139
World War II - May 15, 1940. The Netherlands
Surrenders
The Netherlands surrendered five days later. The
royal family and the cabinet escaped and set up a
government in London.

Presenter Notes
The Netherlands surrendered five days later. The
royal family and the cabinet escaped and set up a
government in London.

140
AMSTERDAM HISTORY TIMELINE
Amsterdam was liberated by the Allies in 1945.

Presenter Notes
Amsterdam was liberated by the Allies in 1945.

141
1952 Opening of the Amsterdam-Rhine Canal
Amsterdam
Amsterdam-Rhine Canal
Utrecht
Waal River

Presenter Notes
The Amsterdam-Rhine Canal was opened in 1952 from
Amsterdam to the Waal River, a distributary of
the Rhine.

142
Amsterdam-Rhine Canal
The Amsterdam-Rhine Canal has a total length of
72 km (45 miles) and contains four locks. It was
enlarged in the 1970s and reopened in 1981. It is
the most heavily used canal in western Europe.

Presenter Notes
The Amsterdam-Rhine Canal has a total length of
72 km, or 45 miles, and contains four locks. It
was enlarged in the 1970s and reopened in 1981.
It is the most heavily used canal in western
Europe.

143
AMSTERDAM HISTORY TIMELINE
1960s Amsterdam becomes a center for the Hippy
movement. 1970s The liberal drugs policy leads
to an influx of drug users from all over the
world. 1980s Violent struggles by squatters
(Krakers) against real estate speculators.

Presenter Notes
In the 1960s Amsterdam became the Mecca for the
Hippy movement, and in the 1970s the liberal
drugs policy led to an influx of drug users from
all over the world.

There were violent struggles in the 1980s by
squatters (called Krakers) against real estate
speculators.

144
AMSTERDAM

Presenter Notes
AMSTERDAM

145
Amsterdam is in the province of North Holland and
is located on the Ijsselmeer by the Ij River (Het
Ij) and was at one time the largest seaport in
the Netherlands.

Presenter Notes
Amsterdams is in the province of North Holland
and is located on the i sellmeer by the I River,
or Het I, and was at one time the largest seaport
in The Netherlands.

146
Ships sailing out of the harbor, through the
Zuiderzee, and out into the North Sea in order to
conduct lucrative trade across the vast oceans
made Amsterdam a great commercial and financial
center.

Presenter Notes
Ships sailing out of the harbor, through the
Ziderzee, and out into the North Sea in order to
conduct lucrative trade across the vast oceans
made Amsterdam a great commercial and financial
center.

147
Afsluitdijk
North Sea Canal
With the closing of the Zuiderzee by the
Afsluitdijk, Amsterdam no longer had direct
access to the North Sea in that direction.
However, the North Sea Canal connects Amsterdam
to the North Sea and allows Amsterdam to remain a
major seaport.

Presenter Notes
With the closing of the Ziderzee by the Off loo
its dike, Amsterdam no longer had direct access
to the North Sea in that direction. However, the
North Sea Canal connects Amsterdam to the North
Sea and allows Amsterdam to remain a major
seaport.

148
Amsterdam is the principal commercial and
financial center of the Netherlands.
According to the Dutch constitution Amsterdam is
the capital of the Netherlands, although the
parliament and the Dutch government have been
situated in The Hague since 1588, along with the
Supreme Court and the Council of State.

Presenter Notes
Amsterdam is the principal commercial and
financial center of the Netherlands. According to
the Dutch constitution Amsterdam is the capital
of the Netherlands, although the parliament and
the Dutch government have been situated in The
Hague since 1588, along with the Supreme Court
and the Council of State.

149
Amsterdam PopulationCity 730,000
Metropolitan Area 1 Million

Presenter Notes
The Population of Amsterdam is 730,000 in the
city, and 1 million in the métropolitain area.

150
Many canals go through the central part of
Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Many canals go through the central part of
Amsterdam.

151
CENTRAAL STATION
DAM SQUARE
Here is Amsterdam showing the extensive harbor
area. The location of the center of town is shown
by the Dam Square and the Centraal Station.

Presenter Notes
Here is Amsterdam showing the extensive harbor
area. The location of the center of town is shown
by the Dam Square and the Centraal Station.

152
HET IJ
CENTRAAL STATION
HET IJ
DAM SQUARE
Here is the Ij River as it passes through
Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Here is the eye River as it passes through
Amsterdam.

153
CENTRAAL STATION
HET IJ
DAM SQARE
Here are the canals in the center of Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
Here are the canals in the center of Amsterdam.

154
CENTRAAL STATION
Amsterdam gets its name from the Amstel River.
DAM SQUARE
AMSTEL RIVER
Here is the Amstel River after which Amsterdam
gets its name ...

Presenter Notes
Here is the Amstel River after which Amsterdam
gets its name ...

155
CENTRAAL STATION
Amstel Beer also gets its name from the Amstel
River.
DAM SQUARE
AMSTEL RIVER

Presenter Notes
... and also the beer, Amstel Beer, gets its name
as well.

156
Amsterdam is famous for its canals, many bridges,
and stately old houses.
AMSTERDAM
CANALS

Presenter Notes
Amsterdam is famous for its canals, countless
bridges, and stately old houses.

157
Amsterdam is known as the Venice of the North
and actually has more canals than Venice.
AMSTERDAM
CANALS

Presenter Notes
Amsterdam is known as the Venice of the North
and actually has more canals than Venice.

158
Some 63 miles (101 km) of canals traverse the
inner city.
The city was designed in such a way that some 63
miles (101 km) of canals lace the inner city, so
that one is never more than a few blocks from the
nearest waterway.

Presenter Notes
The city was designed in such a way that some 63
miles, or 101 km of canals lace the inner city,
so that one is never more than a few blocks from
the nearest waterway.

159
The canals form a series of concentric rings,
with the Amsterdam Centraal Station near the
center.

Presenter Notes
The canals form a series of concentric rings,
with the Amsterdam Centraal Station being near
the center.

160
Amsterdam is very flat and is about 12 feet (4 m)
below sea level, on the Amstel and IJ (pronounced
eye) rivers.

Presenter Notes
Amsterdam is very flat and is about 12 feet, or 4
meters, below sea level, on the Amstel and eye
rivers.

161
More than a thousand bridges cross the canals.
Amsterdam Canals
Streets crowded with cars, bicycles, and
pedestrians weave among the canals by means of
more than a thousand bridges.

Presenter Notes
Streets crowded with cars, bicycles, and
pedestrians weave among the canals by means of
more than a thousand bridges.

162
Bridges Lined Up
Here are some of the many bridges.

Presenter Notes
Here are some of the many bridges.

163
It is estimated that 5 million piles support the
old city.
Older Buildings Standing on Timber Piles
The older buildings stand on timber piles driven
into the soft earth for support. It is estimated
that 5 million such piles support the old city.

Presenter Notes
The older buildings stand on timber piles driven
into the soft earth for support. It is estimated
that 5 million such piles support the old city.

164
An elaborate system of dams, dikes, pumps, and
canals keeps the water from rushing in over the
city and the surrounding countryside. .

Presenter Notes
An elaborate system of dams, dikes, pumps, and
canals keeps the water from rushing in over the
city and the surrounding countryside.

165
Most buildings in the central city date from the
17th and 18th centuries, when rich merchants
dominated it.
Brick and stone townhouses, warehouses, and
churches line the canals.

Presenter Notes
Most buildings in the central city date from the
17th and 18th centuries, when rich merchants
dominated it. Brick and stone townhouses,
warehouses, and churches line the canals.

166
Houseboats on Amsterdam Canal
There are many houseboats on the canals of
Amsterdam.

Presenter Notes
There are many houseboats on the canals of
Amsterdam.

167
This presentation is continued in The Netherlands
- Part 2.

Presenter Notes
This presentation is continued in The Netherlands
- Part 2.

168
TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Introduction to Part 1
2. Language of the Netherlands
3. Geography of the Netherlands
4. Delta Plan
5. Netherlands Climate
6. Contributions to the Arts
7. Architecture
8. Industry and Agriculture
9. History of the Netherlands
10. Amsterdam
11. Canals of Amsterdam
12. End of Part 1