What you need to know about cataracts?

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What you need to know about cataracts?
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Cataracts cause more vision problems globally
than any other eye condition or disease, and the
number of cataracts is increasing with the aging
population. A cataract causes a part of the lens
to becomes opaque, or cloudy. Light does not pass
through easily, and vision becomes blurry, like
looking through a fogged-up window. The cloudier
the lens, the worse the vision will be.
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Congenital cataracts may be present at birth or
appear shortly after, or at some time during
infancy or childhood.
Age-related cataracts appear later in life and
are the most common type. This article will focus
on age-related cataracts.
Cataract surgery is a routine operation nowadays
and the most common kind of eye surgery.
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Surgery
For severe cataracts, the only effective
treatment is surgery.
The specialist will recommend surgery if the
patient

• Is having trouble looking after themselves or
  someone else
• Cannot drive or finds driving difficult
• Has problems leaving the house
• Finds it hard to see or recognize peoples faces
• Has problems doing their job
• Cannot read or watch television properly

Patients who take alpha-blockers or are
considering taking alpha-blockers should be aware
that these drugs may increase the difficulty of
cataract surgery.
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What to expect in surgery
Pre-operative assessment Before surgery, the
specialist will assess the patients eyes and
general health. The eye will be measured so that
the replacement artificial lens can be prepared.
Before the operation Eye drops will be given
just before the procedure, to dilate, or widen,
the pupils. Sometimes the eye drops will contain
an anesthetic, or the doctor may inject local
anesthesia into the tissue around the eye.
Before the operation Eye drops will be given
just before the procedure, to dilate, or widen,
the pupils. Sometimes the eye drops will contain
an anesthetic, or the doctor may inject local
anesthesia into the tissue around the eye.

• Various types of replacement lens may be used
• A monofocal lens is a fixed-strength lens that is
  set for one level of vision, usually distance
• A multifocal lens may have two or more different
  strengths, providing for near and distance vision
• An accommodating lens is most similar to the
  natural human lens. It allows the eye to focus on
  near and distant objects

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The operation involves removing the cloudy lens
from the eye and putting an artificial, clear,
plastic one in its place. This is an intraocular
implant, or an intraocular lens. This is known
as phacoemulsification or phaco-extracapsular
extraction.
The eye surgeon makes a tiny cut in the cornea at
the front and inserts a minute probe through the
cut. The probe uses ultrasound and breaks up the
cloudy lens into very small pieces. These are
sucked out. The artificial lens is then inserted
through the cut. The lens capsule acts as a
pocket, to hold the lens in place. When it is
first inserted the lens is folded, but it unfolds
when in position. The whole procedure takes
around 30 minutes. Most patients will wear an eye
pad for protection for a short while.
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Symptoms
Cataracts normally take years to develop, and
they tend to appear in older age. The lens
gradually becomes cloudy. Cataracts can make it
hard to read or drive a car, especially during
the night. Seeing peoples facial expressions can
become difficult. They develop slowly, so most
people do not know they have them at first, but
as the clouding progresses, the vision gradually
gets worse. Long-distance vision is more severely
affected at the beginning. Cataracts often
affect both eyes, but rarely equally.
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People with cataracts may have the following
symptoms

• Blurry, cloudy, or misty vision
• Vision may be affected by small spots or dots
• The patient sees small patches that blur parts of
  the field of vision
• Vision worsens when lights are dim
• Vision is sometimes worse when there is very
  bright light, or glare
• Some people with cataracts also comment that
  colors appear less clear and faded
• Reading becomes difficult and eventually
  impossible
• Glasses need to be changed more frequently
• Eventually wearing glasses becomes less effective
• Rarely, the person may see a halo around bright
  objects, such as car headlights or street lights,
  or have double vision in one eye

As vision deteriorates, and the glare of oncoming
headlights and street lights gets worse, driving
becomes dangerous. Drivers with cataracts start
to experience eyestrain and find themselves
blinking more frequently as they try to clear
their vision. Cataracts do not usually change
the appearance of the eye. Any discomfort such as
irritation, aching, itching or redness is more
likely caused by another eye disorder.
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Cataracts are not hazardous to the health of the
person or the eye. If the cataract becomes
hypermature, or completely white, there may be
inflammation, headache, and some pain. A
hypermature cataract that causes pain or
inflammation needs to be removed.
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Eye Care Hospital, where Dr. Birendra Jha is one
of the best eye surgeons in Indore. Book an
Appointment today call us 9977141260 for more
information.
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