Typhoid Vaccination in UK

1
Typhoid Vaccination in UK
www.travel-doc.com
info_at_travel-doc.com
2
The disease is caused by the bacteria Salmonella
Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A, B or C. Typhoid
is transmitted by food and drink that has been
contaminated with human faeces or urine
(faecal-oral route).
Typhoid can be found throughout the world but it
is more common in countries where water or food
supplies are liable to be contaminated with human
excreta especially in Africa, the Indian
Sub-continent, South East Asia and South America.
www.travel-doc.com
3
The risks for travelers
Consumption of food and drink that has been
contaminated with faeces or urine from a human
case or carrier direct faecal oral contamination
can also occur.
As with all other illnesses spread by the faecal
oral route, precautionary measures should be
taken to avoid consumption of potentially
contaminated drinks and drinking water and to
ensure food is uncontaminated or cooked
thoroughly.
Personal hygiene when eating and drinking is also
important including hand washing prior to eating
and using clean plates, cups and utensils.
www.travel-doc.com
4
Signs and symptoms of Typhoid
Mild
Severe

• Fever
• Constipation or sometimes diarrhoea
• Abdominal pain, loss of appetite
• Myalgia and headache
• Faint pink rose spot rash can occasionally be
  seen

• Disseminated disease with multi organ
  involvement
• Intestinal perforation
• Meningitis

www.travel-doc.com
5
Typhoid Vaccination
Vaccination should be considered under the
following circumstances and is dependent on the
individual risk assessment
Vaccination is recommended for travellers to high
risk areas where food and water may be
contaminated.
Travel to low risk areas  vaccination may be
recommended only to those staying in conditions
with poor sanitation and unable to maintain their
own hygiene precautions e.g. hand hygiene and
water purification.
Long term travellers staying for long periods.
A previous typhoid illness does not confer
reliable immunity and, when indicated, vaccine
should still be used.
www.travel-doc.com
6
Contact Us
Phone [phone] (Nottingham) 0114 3583930
(Sheffield)
Email info_at_travel-doc.com
Website https//www.travel-doc.com/
7
(No Transcript)