INORGANIC OFFICIAL COMPOUNDS

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PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY- I
Presented by. Mr. Maroti M. Jeurkar Lecturer,
YBCP, chandrapur
INORGANIC OFFICIAL COMPOUNDS
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• INORGANIC OFFICIAL COMPOUNDS
• IRON
• IODINE
• CALCIUM

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• INORGANIC OFFICIAL COMPOUNDS OF IRON
• ROLE OF IRON
• Iron is one of the essential constituents of the
  body and usual contents are about 45mg/kg of body
  weight.
• Iron is useful in increasing synthesis of
  haemoglobin.
• As a constituents of blood it transport oxygen
  from lungs to various organs, bicarbonates from
  tissues and plasma to lungs
• It is required for the various oxidative and
  metabolic processes of the living tissues and
  cells.
• It is used in case of anemic condition i.e, Iron
  deficiency anemia
• It is also required during pregnancy, lactation,
  used for pediatric purpose for children
• Daily requirement of iron in male is 10-12 mg and
  in female 12-18mg.

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FERROUS SULPHATE Formula-FeS04.7H20.
Synonym - Green vitrol Preparations-It
is prepared by dissolving excess of iron in
sulphuric add tillgreenish crystals of ferrous
sulphate are produced FeH2SO4 FeSO,H2
Properties -a) It occurs as bluish green
crystalline powder b) it is odourless. c) It has
metallic taste d)It is soluble in water but
insoluble alcohol Uses - 1) It is used as
Haematinic2) It is used Disinfectants3) It is
used in dyeing of fabrics (color) 4) It is used
in manufacturing of inks and photographs
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2) FERROUS FUMARATE Formula C4H2,FeO4 Mol.wt-16
9.9 Preparations. It is prepared by double
decomposition a hot aqueous solution of ferrous
sulphate is added to a solution of sodium
fumarate with constant stirring. The sparingly
soluble ferrous fumarate separates, which is
filtered and dried Properties - a) It occurs as
reddish-orange or reddish brown powder b) It has
slight odour astringent taste c) It is slightly
soluble in water, less soluble in alcohol d) It
may contain soft lumps which produce yellow
sticks when crushed Uses - 1) It is used as
Haematinic 2) it is used as official.compounds of
iron
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FERROUS GLUCONATE Formula C12H22O14.Fe.2H2O Prope
rties a) It is yellowish grey or pale greenish
yellowish fine powder b) It has burnt sugar
odour c) It is slightly soluble in water more
soluble in boiling water butsoluble in
alcohol Uses - 1) It is used as Haematinic 2)
Ferrous gluconate shows less side effects and is
absorbed well
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• INORGANIC OFFICIAL COMPOUNDS OF IODINE
• ROLE OF IODINE
• Daily requirement of iodine in adult male is 140
  ug and in female it is 100 Hg which is generally
  supplied from diet
• lodine has less solubility and therefore its
  salts such as sodium iodide,potassium iodide are
  preferred for oral administrations
• The inorganic iodine is ingested along with food
  after absorption reaches blood circulation and
  play important role In the synthesis two
  important thyroid hormones known as
  T3(Tri-lodothyronine) Tetra iodothyronine)
  which are essential for the normal growth
  developmentand play an important role in the
  energy metabolismHougaard lounless solubleb Olyan
  layanaT. (Tri-iodothyronine)OHOHCHCHNit,
  coonCH,NII, coonCHT.(Tetra-iodothyronine)

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4). The main function of thyroxine is to increase
the metabolic process byIncreasing oxidative
process in the body 5). Deficiency of lodine
causes hypothyroidism and a condition in which
allmetabolic processes slow down and enlargement
of thyroid gland (goiter) takes place which is
characterized by swelling of neck 6). Cretinism
is a condition due to deficiency of lodine which
is characterized by mental retardation and
dwarfism this condition due to deficiency
oflodine ince birth 7) Hyperthyroidism occurs due
to excessive secretion of thyroid hormoneswhich
leads to conditions called as expothalamus which
is characterized by enlargement of eye balls exo
palamud 8) For the treatment of hypothyroidism
thyroid hormones or suitable iodinepreparations
such as sodium iodide and potassium iodide are
given
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• LODINE
• Mol FormulaI2
• Preparations - From weed From chill saltspetre
• Properties
• occurs as bluish black plates or crystals
• It has peculiar odour
• It has acidic taste
• It melts at higher temp.
• It is practically insoluble in water but soluble
  in alcohol
• Chemical Properties-1) It reacts with metals -
  Fe I --- FeI
• Uses - 1) lodine is used as an antimicrobial
  agent
• 2) It is also used as antiseptic Disinfectants
• 4) It is used in alkaloidal poisoning
• 5) In iodine deficiency ie goitre

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• POTASSIUM LODIDE
• Mol. Formula-KI
  Mol.wt-278
• Synonym - Kalli lodidum
• Properties
• It occurs as clourless, odourless, crystalline
  powder.
• It has bitter Saline taste.
• It is hygroscopic in nature.
• It is soluble in water, alcohol glycerin
• Incompatibilities - it is incompatible with
  alkaloidal salts, iron, Bismuth, Mercury, Pot.
  cloride
• Uses - 1) It is used as Expectorants
• 2) It is used as an antifungal agent
• 3) It is also used as source of lodine

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POVIDONE LODINE It is a polymer. PVP i.e
polyvinyl pyrrolidine Preparation. It is a
complex of iodine produced by the interaction of
iodine with povidone. Properties -a) It is
yellowish brown amorphous powder b)
Characteristics odour c) Soluble in water
alcohol Storage - it is stored in air tight
iodine resistant containers Uses - 1) It is
used as an antiseptic for wounds 2) It is having
antibacterial antifungal motion 3) 1 solution
is used for mouth wash disinfections
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INORGANIC OFFICIAL COMPOUNDS OF CALCIUM ROLE OF
CALCIUM 1)Calcium is the important element
required for various functions in the body. The
90 of total body calcium is found in bones as
calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate the
remaining calcium is found in extra cellular
fluids 2) Daily body requirement of calcium is
about 450mg/kg 3) Functions of calcium a. Helps
in formation of tissue and bones b. It is
important factor in coagulation of blood c. It
helps in normal cardiac function d. It is also
required for normal functioning of ANS and
voluntary system
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4) When there is deficiency of calcium in blood
the condition is call. d as hypocalcemia which
leads to various conditions such as a.Bone
diseases in children called rickets b. low
calcium Osteomalacia c.Tetany 5) Administration
of large quantities of calcium can cause
hypercalcemia characterized by loss of weight
bradycardia muscular pain arrhythmia and kidney
impairment 6) Hypercalcemia conditions can also
be associated with various clinical conditions
VIZ, a. Hyperparathyroidism and
hyperthyroidism b. Due to excess of milk and
alkalizing agent c. Due to administration of
diuretics
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CALCIUM GLUCONATE Formula C12H22O14Ca.H20
Mol. Wt- 448.40 Synonym
Calcium gluconi Method of preparation - It is
prepared by oxidation of glucose in gluconic acid
in the presence of bromide or sodium bromide and
then by adding calcium carbonate Properties a)
It e curs as white crystalline or granular
powder b) It odourless tasteless c) It stable
in air d) It sparingly soluble in water, freely
soluble in boiling water insoluble in
alcohol Incompatibilities it is incompatible with
oxidative agents, carbonates phosphates. Storage
stored well closed container Uses 1) It is used n
deficiency of calcium2) Used as calcium
replenisher.
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