Understanding Periventricular Leukomalacia

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What is Periventricular Leukomalacia?
Periventricular Leukomalacia (PVL) is a
neurological condition that affects premature
infants. It is characterized by damage to the
white matter that surrounds the cerebral
ventricles, the regions in the brain that are
critical for cognitive function and motor
control. PVL is primarily caused by
complications during premature birth. Typically,
due to insufficient oxygen or limited blood flow
to delicate brain regions, the damage can be
extensive.
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Causes of Periventricular Leukomalacia

• Lack of oxygen and blood flow to the brain
• Intraventricular hemorrhage (bleeding in the
  brain)
• Rupture of membranes (in the amniotic sac) during
  premature birth
• Uterine infections

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Symptoms of Periventricular Leukomalacia in
Infants and Children

• Vision trouble
• Difficulty in eye movements
• Trouble with gross and fine motor movements
• Tight muscles
• Developmental delays (these become more apparent
  as the milestone windows are surpassed)

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Symptoms of Periventricular Leukomalacia in Adults

• Motor impairments
• Abnormal gait
• Balance and coordination difficulty
• Muscle weakness and/or stiffness
• Cognitive impairment
• Attention and concentration troubles
• Executive function deficits
• Memory problems

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Symptoms of Periventricular Leukomalacia in Adults

• Speech and communication difficulties
• Trouble with articulation
• Trouble with expressive language (verbal,
  non-verbal, written)
• Persistent language challenges
• Vision disturbances, particularly depth
  perception or visual-motor integration
• Fatigue
• Difficulty in performing everyday tasks
• Difficulty in adapting to educational or work
  environments
• Increased predisposition to secondary conditions,
  such as joint issues or contractures because of
  restricted mobility

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Stem Cell Therapy for Periventricular Leukomalacia

• With their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory
  properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have
  shown incredible promise in managing PVL.
• By differentiating into new nerve cells, MSCs
  promote neurogenesis, reduce inflammation, and
  provide trophic support to tissue damaged by the
  condition.
• At Plexus, we use MSCs sourced from the patient
  (adipose tissue, bone marrow, etc.) or from
  umbilical cord tissue.

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Physiotherapy for Periventricular Leukomalacia

• Physiotherapy for PVL can enhance strength,
  mobility and coordination, and even address any
  other unique challenges faced by the child.
• At Plexus, we provide a personalized
  physiotherapy program that comprise a combination
  of the following targeted interventions
• Muscle tone management
• Gait training
• Balance and coordination enhancement
• Achievement of developmental milestones
• Assisted devices

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Occupational Therapy for Periventricular
Leukomalacia

• Occupational therapy at Plexus focuses on
  enhancing the childs functional abilities that
  are impeded by PVL.
• At Plexus, we offer programs that are aimed at
• Fine motor skill development
• Activities of daily living (ADL) training
• Sensory integration
• Cognitive skills enhancement
• Adaptive equipment
• Emotional support and counseling
• School readiness

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Speech Therapy for Periventricular Leukomalacia

• At Plexus, our speech and language therapists
  offer targeted interventions that address
  communication and language challenges, as well as
  encourage effective expression. We help your
  child to
• Hold conversations with others
• Speak clearly and intelligibly
• Develop higher self-esteem
• Confidently participate in school and social
  settings

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Vision Therapy for Periventricular Leukomalacia

• There are rare instances of the childs vision
  and eye health being severely impacted due to
  PVL. For these
• At Plexus, we recommend vision therapy to improve
  vision, as well as optimize visual skills and
  overall functionality. Our therapeutic programs
  comprises the following
• Eye teaming and tracking exercises
• Binocular vision training
• Visual motor integration activities
• Sensory integration
• Visual field expansion
• Colour and contrast sensitivity training
• Assistive devices

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• If youd like to know more about our therapeutic
  interventions for Periventricular Leukomalacia,
  reach out to Team Plexus today.
• WhatsApp [phone]
• Call 91 78159 64668 (Hyderabad) 91 82299
  99888 (Bangalore)