Development

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Development
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The human brain develops from a single cell into
a structure containing billions of neurons

• How?

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DNA -- 35,000 genes
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Humans and mice have same amount of DNA

• Mice have less than 1/10 the number of neurons

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Genes work more than once
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We can look at CNS Development from 2 levels

• Macroscopic
• Microscopic

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Macroscopic whole brain development
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Stages of Development

• Prenatal period
• Zygotic stage (0-14 days)
• Embryonic stage (14 days to 9 weeks)
• Fetal stage (9 weeks to 40 weeks)
• Postnatal period
• Neonate (birth to 1 month)
• Infant (1 month to 1 year)
• Childhood (1 year to 10 years)
• Adolescence (11 years to 18 years)

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Neuralation starts during 3rd week
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Neural Tube
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Embryonic stage

• Brain development sensitive to teratogens

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Microscopic Level

• Development of neurons

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Development and Placement of Neurons

• Proliferation cell division by mitosis
• Migration
• Aggregation
• Differentiation

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Proliferation
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Migration Radial Glial Cells
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Climbing Glial Cells
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Differentiation

• Cell body
• Cell death
• Process formation
• Synapse formation

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Process Formation/Movement
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Epigenesis
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Huttenlocker et al
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Neville Study 1
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Neville Study 2
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