Metabolic Biochemistry

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Metabolic Biochemistry BIBC 102
Lecture 21 November 26, 2007
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FATTY ACID DEGRADATION (OXIDATION) LNC Chapter
17
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LNC 10-1
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FAT
LNC 10-6
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LNC 10-8
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LIPASES are the primary enzymes for phospholipid
metabolism
LNC 11-15
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LNC 10-16
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UPTAKE and DISTRIBUTION in Mammals
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LNC 17-1
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ADIPOSE TISSUE
LNC 21-40
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Chylomicron
LNC 17-2
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LNC 21-39b
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1) Utilization of Glycerol
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phosphorylation
oxidation
isomerization
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This is the enzyme seen earlier in the
mechanismfor getting reducingequivalents from
NADHinto mitochondria
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2) Breakdown/Oxidation of Fatty Acids
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Activation
LNC 17-5
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Import into mitochondria
LNC 17-6
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CH3 CH3 N CH2 CH
CH2 COO -
CH3 OH
carnitine
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b-Oxidation
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a
b
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b
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b
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b-oxidation
1. Oxidation to form a b double bond in acyl -
CoA
2. Addition of H2O to form b hydroxyl-
3. Oxidation to form b - keto group
4. Nucleophilic attack by CoASH to form
acetyl-CoA acyl CoA with two fewer carbons
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C14 fatty acid
7 acetyl CoA 6 rounds of b
oxidation
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b-oxidation takes place in the matrix
ofmitochondria
LNC 17-7
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first oxidation/reduction with membrane-bound enzy
me and FAD ? FADH2
second oxidation/reduction with soluble enzyme
and NAD ? NADH
LNC 19-8
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How to deal with unsaturated fatty acids
cis D3 - or double bond between b-g
LNC 17-9
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LNC 17-10
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How to deal with a fatty acid containing
an uneven number of carbons
C3
C4
LNC 17-11
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LNC box 17-1
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Co at 25/lb your body probably contains
0.000..1 cents worth of essential cobalt
LNC box 17-2
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Cobalamin - vitamin B12
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Degradation of very long chain fatty acids in the
peroxisome
catalase
LNC 17-12
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A deficiency in peroxisomal acyl-CoA synthetase
causes X-adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) made
famous by the movie Lorenzos Oil Long chain
fatty acids accumulate in the blood and
destroythe myelin sheath
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Glyoxalate Cycle in Plants
LNC 17-13
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Ketone Bodies
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Conditions favoring ketone body
formation depletion of OA for
gluconeogenesis acetyl-CoA becomes available
for ketone body synthesis
LNC Fig 17-18