Parts of the brain

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Parts of the brain
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Protection

• Not really part but
• The brain is well protected
• Bony skull
• 3 protective sheets of tissue
• Space in the brain is filled with fluid
• Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
• Acts as a shock absorber

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A brain of two halves

• Left hemisphere and right hemisphere
• They are joined by the corpus callosum
• Made up of axons of neurons that communicate
  information between hemispheres

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Wrinkles

• Cerebral cortex forms the outer layer of the
  forebrain
• It appears wrinkled as it is folded
• Folding allows more outer cortex to be fitted
  into a smaller space
• A groove is called a sulcus
• Between grooves is a gyrus

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Major parts
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Brain stem

• Mid brain Nerve pathway of cerebral
  hemispheres/Auditory and Visual reflex centers
• Pons Respiratory Center
• Medulla  Oblongata Crossing of motor
  tracts/Cardiac Center/Respiratory Center

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Major parts

• Cerebellum
• Plays a role in commands for motor action
• Organization of action including language
  production
• Integrates information from external and internal
  sources

Toates p119
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Major parts

• Occipital lobe visual perception system
• E.g., visuospatial processing, discrimination of
  movement and colour discrimination
• Lesions can cause visual hallucinations

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Major parts

• Parietal lobe
• Several portions are important in language
  processing
• Also, somatosensation touch, pain, temperature
  sense, and limb proprioception (limb position)

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Major parts

• Frontal lobe
• emotional control centre and home to our
  personality
• Motor function, problem solving, spontaneity,
  memory, language, initiation, judgement, impulse
  control, and social and sexual behaviour
• Effects of frontal damage can be a dramatic
  change in social behaviour