Climate and geomorphology 3

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Climate and geomorphology 3

• Some examples

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Example 1 The mobilizaton of dunes
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Wolfe, S.A, Huntley, D.J., David, P.P.,
Ollerhead, J., Sauchyn, D.J., and MacDonald, G.M.
2001. Late 18th Century drought-induced sand dune
activity. Great Sand Hills, Saskatchewan.
Canadian Journal of Earth Science, v. 38, p.105-
117.
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den totala arean av eroderade ytor i området
har minskat med 0,04 km2. Om förändringen i area
beräknas för ytorna mellan 1963 och 1994, (1-(km2
1994 / km2 1963)), ger detta att eroderade ytor
har minskat i utbredning med 30 från den area de
upptog 1963.
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Example 2 Landslide activity
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Landslide activity and its causes during the
Late Pleistocene as recorded in the Cantabrian
Mountains, Spain
Human activity
Increased precipi- tation
Interstadial
Tectonically induced fluvial incision
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Example 3 The development of desert varnish
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Optical and chemical stratigraphy in rock varnish
from Mojave Desert. Black layers are enriched in
Mn and Ba, and the yellow layers are depleted in
Mn and Ba. Orange layers are intermediate as
regards Mn and Ba. The Mn rich layers probably
correspond to wet events during the Late
Pleistocene in the Great basin
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Example 4 Changes in the distribution of
permafrost and its effects
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The histogram above illustrates year-to-year
variation of maximum thaw penetration at selected
sites, measured from an arbitrary stable
reference point independent of the surface.
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This figure shows predicted permafrost occurrence
in the Fort Simpson study area under a 1C and
2C increase in mean annual air temperature, and
current climate conditions (mean annual air
temperature of -4C). Blue indicates rivers or
lakes, green corresponds to unfrozen material,
and white indicates permafrost thicknesses
between 1 and 5 m, light grey between 5 and 10 m,
and dark grey between 10 and 15 m. The Norman
Wells pipeline is shown in yellow and Mackenzie
Highway in red. From http//sts.gsc.nrcan.gc.ca
/permafrost/mapping.htmlcalm
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A palsa is a hummock in peatlands formed by the
buildup of segregation ice
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Distribution of palsa 1963
Distribution of palsa 1994
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