Mesoporous Solids

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Mesoporous Solids Silica Materials
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17 SBA- 15 Silica source- Tetra ethyl ortho silicate Template- non ionic triblock copolymer Pluronic 123 (EO20-PO70-EO20). Molybdenum source Ammonium hepta molybdate (NH4)6Mo7O24 by impregnation method Template removal by calcinations Calcination temp. 873 K Calcination time - 6h 2 D Hexagonal lattice structure. Molybdenum Oxide supported on SBA-15. SBA 15 SSA - 627 m2/g SPV - 0.82 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.3 nm, MoO /SBA-15 (3.0) SSA - 460 m2/g SPV - 0.74 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.3 nm MoO/ SBA-15 (5.0) SSA - 460 m2/g SPV - 0.73 nm Pore diameter - 6.3 nm MoO/SBA-15 (7.0) SSA - 447 m2/g SPV - 0.72 nm Pore diameter 6.4 nm MoO/SBA-15 (10) SSA - 369 m2/g SPV - 0.67 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.7 nm MoO/SBA-15 (15.4) SSA - 119 m2/g SPV - 0.60 cm3/gm Pore diameter - 19.2 nm MoO/SBA-15 (20.1) SSA - 111 m2/g SPV - 0.60 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.7 nm Mo of ( 2.8 ) is the selective catalyst for oxidation of ethane to formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. Luo et al, Journal of catalysis 247 (2007) 245
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18 SBA- 15 Cobalt and Molybdate catalyst - prepared by citric acid coordination impregnation method Cobalt source - Cobalt nitrate Molybdenum source Ammonium molybdate Calcination temperature - 823 K Calcination time - 5 h CoMoO4/SBA -15 5 wt. CoMoO4/SBA 15 SSA - 473 m2/gm SPV - 1.07 cm3 Pore size - 6.5 nm 13 wt. CoMoO4/SBA 15 SSA - 430 m2/g SPV - 0.80 cm3/g Pore Size - 6.3 nm 25 CoMoO4/SBA 15 SSA - 354m2/g SPV - 0.69 cm3/g Pore size - 6.3 nm 44 CoMoO4/SBA 15 SSA - 253 m2/g SPV - 0.49cm3/g Pore size - 5.8 nm 65 CoMoO4/SBA 15 SSA - 157 m2/g SPV - 0.37cm3/g Pore size - 6.7 nm Dehydrogenation of propane to propene CoMoO4/SBA-15 showed good catalytic activity 13 wt.CoMoO4/SBA- 15 catalyst - high yield of 16.8 wt. at 873 K Supeng pei etal. Acta physico chimica sinica, 24 (2008) 561
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19 SBA - 15 Silica source Tetra ethoxy silane (TEOS) Template Triblock copolymer - poly ethylene oxide20 - polypropylene oxide70 - polyethylne oxide20) Calcination in air at 540 C for 4 h Nitridation by NH3 at 1000 C for 20 h Ag introduced by impregnation in AgNO3 solution. SBA -15 BET specific surface area 598 m2/g Pore size 8.9 nm Nitrided SBA-15 (SBA- 15N) BET surface area - 499 m2/g Pore size - 7.7 nm Ag/SBA-15N-36 BET SSA - 498 m2/g Pore Size 7.7 nm Pore Volume 0.95 cm3/g Nitrogen content -7.1 Silver content -4.3 Effective method to fabricate Ag nanomaterial in the channels of SBA-15 Zhao et al. .Microporous and Mesoporous materials 111(2008) 300
20 SBA-15 Silica source Tetramethyl ortho silicate . Template Non ionic triblock co-polymer Pluronic P123 (Ethylene oxide20- propylene oxide70 Ethylene oxide20 ) Gallium source Gallium Nitrate. Iron source Iron (III)Nitrate. Calcination temperature- 773 K Two dimensional hexagonal structure. Fe-SBA-15 SSA - 1172 m2/g SPV - 1.31 cm3/g Pore diameter - 7.3 nm Ga-SBA-15 SSA - 967 m2/g. SPV - 1.31cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.6nm Fe-Ga- SBA-15 (0.01) SSA - 1011 m2/g SPV - 1.3 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.1nm Fe-Ga-SBA-15 (0.03) SSA - 1091 m2/g SPV - 1.34 cm3/g Pore diameter 6.3 nm Fe-Ga-SBA-15 catalyst were active in oxidation of Benzene to Phenol. Ying Li et al, Journal of Catalysis 255 (2008)190
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21 SBA- 15 Silica source Tetra ethyl ortho silicate (TEOS) Template Non ionic Copolymer Pluronic P123 Aluminium source Aluminium isopropoxide. Acidic medium - 0.28 M HCl. Tempalte removal by Calcination Calcination temp. 813 K Hexagonally ordered 2D honey comb structure Al-SBA-15 (7) SSA - 604 m2/g Pore diameter -11.7 nm Acid site - 0.38 mmol g-1. Al-SBA-15(12) SSA - 719 m2/g Pore diameter 9.7 nm Acid site - 0.39 mmolg-1 Al-SBA-15 (45) -9.7 nm, SSA - 930 m2/g Pore diameter 9.7 nm Acid site - 0.49 mmolg-1 Al-SBA-15(136) SSA - 1026 m2/g Pore diameter 9.6 nm Acid site - 0.27 mmolg-1 For acetylation of veratrole using acetic anhydride Al- SBA-15 showed good catalytic activity. Al-SBA (45) show high conversion of acetic anhydride - 83 Catalytica selectivity of 100 at 333 K for 2h. Vinu et al Microporous and Mesoporous materials, 2008, Article in Press
22 SBA - 16 Silica source - 1,2 bis (Tetra ethyl ortho silicate (TEOS) with addition of NaCl Template - a triblock co-polymer Pluronic F127 (Ethylene oxide106- propylene oxide70- Ethylene oxide106) under mild acid condition with 2 M HCl Template removal Solvent extraction and calcination at 900 C Only calcinations and no extraction BET specific surface area 342 cm2/g Pore volume - 0.42 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.14 nm Wall thickness - 4.06 nm Unit cell parameter -13.42 nm Solvent extraction followed by calcinations Surface area of extracted and calcined sample at 900 C - 434 cm2/g Pore volume - 0.14 cm3/g Pore diameter - 6.23 nm Unit cell parameter - 13.10 nm High thermal stability upto 900C No loss of mesoporous structure Grudzien et al. Applied Surface Science 253 (2007) 5660
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23 Hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) Silica source Tetra ethyl ortho silicate Template Hexadecyl amine . Gallium source Gallium Nitrate . Template removed by refluxing and calcination in air at 823 K for 6h. HMS SSA - 1170 cm2/g Ga-HMS (70) SSA - 1153 cm2/g. Ga-HMS (40) SSA - 1113 cm2/g. Ga-HMS (20) SSA - 985.7 cm2/g. Ga-HMS catalyst show remarkable activity on the Benzylation of Benzene with Benzyl Chloride. Ga-HMS (40) show high selectivity of 100 in the selectivity of Diphenyl methane. Bachari, Cherifi, Journal of Molecular A Chemical 253 (2006) 187
24 Hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) Silica Souce Tetra ethyl ortho silicate Template Dodecylamine Swelling agent Mesitylene Calcination temp 823 K Calcination time 3.5 h . Phosphate modified HMS by wet incipient method in solution of Phosphoric acid (H3PO4) Molybdenum source Ammonium hepta molybdate tetrahydrate Cobalt source Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate. Hexagonal Mesoporous structure. HMS SSA - 960 cm2/g. Pore diameter of the support and catalyst around 28 nm Co/Mo/P- HMS catalyst show more active in Hydro- desulfurisation of Di- benzothiophene (DBS) Co/Mo/HMS catalyst show conversion of DBS is of 53.8 Co/Mo/P- HMS show 53.5 in 2.5 h Nava et al , Applied catalysis A General 321(2007) 58
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25 Hexagonal mesoporous silica (HMS) Silica source- Tetra ethyl ortho silicate Template- Dodecylamine Aluminium source-Aluminium iso propoxide. Metallo porphyrin - Me(TMPyP) cation source - chloro ( meso-tetra-(4-M-methyl (III) tetra cholorides Me(TMPyP) -porpyrin cations incorported on Al-Mesoporous materials by cation exchange method. Poorly ordered short range hexagonal mesoporous structure. Al-HMS 40 SSA - 1023 m2/g Pore diameter - 2.05 nm Mn(TMPyP) density (mg/m2 support) 0.061 (0.10). Al-HMS 20 after loading Me(TMPyP) SSA - 802 m2/g Pore diameter - 1.81 nm Mn(TMPyP) density (mg/m2 support) 0.098 (0.16). Al-HMS 10 after loading SSA - 622 m2/g Pore diameter - 1.77nm Mn(TMPyP) density (mg/m2 support ) 0.171(0.28) Al-HMS 5 after loading SSA - 424 m2/g Pore diameter - 1.72 nm Mn(TMPyP) density (mg/m2 support) 0.307 (0.50) The catalytic activity of Mn(TMPyP) loaded Al-MMS catalyst show good activity in the oxidation of cyclo octane . Mn(TMPyP) Al-MMS 10 show cyclo-octane selectivity of 98 Matachowski, Applied Catalyst A General 313 (2006) 106
26 Hexagonal Mesoporous Silica (HMS) Synthesis by neutral templating route based on H-bonding . Silica source Tetra ethyl ortho silicate (TEOS) Template Dodecylamine. Swelling agent Mesitylene. Titanium Tetra isopropyl ortho titanate Cobalt Source Cobalt (II) Nitrate. Molybdater source (Ammonium hepta molybdate) Calcination temp. - 823 K Calcination time - 3.5 h Short range hexagonal mesopore structure. Ti containing catalyst increase CoS2 and MoS2 surface area and increase the Lewis and Bronsted acid sites. Co Mo/HMS SSA - 318 m2/g SPV - 0.71 cm3/g Pore diameter 2.5 nm Co Mo/Ti-HMS (80) SSA - 492 m2/g SPV - 0.71 cm3/g Pore diameter 2.5 nm CoMo/Ti HMS (40) SSA - 558 m2/g SPV - 0.99 cm3/g Pore diameter 3.4 nm Co Mo/Ti- HMS (20) SSA - 484 m2/g SPV - 0.84 cm3/g Pore diameter 3.4 nm Ti containing Hexagonal Mesoporous silica (HMS) increase the catalytic activity in Hydro de- sulfurisation (HDS) of 4- ethyl and 6 methyl dibenzothiophene. Co Mo/Ti- HMS(40) catalyst has total sulfur removal of 25.51 wt with coke formation of 3.6. T.A. Zepeda et al, Journal of Catalysis 242 (2006) 254 Zeolites 15 (1995) 601
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27 Folded Sheet Mesoporous -16 Silica Source Kanemite NaHSi2O5 .3H2O Template Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTMABr). Cobalt source - Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate. Calcination temp.- 250 C Calcination time - 4 h Highly ordered hexagonal arrangement of planes structure. The BET surface area, Pore Volume and Pore diameter are shown as FSM-16 - SSA - 931 m2/g SPV - 1.098 cm3/g Pore diameter - 2.46 nm 3 wt Co SSA - 800 m2/g SPV - 0.883 cm3/g Pore diameter - 2.3 nm 6 wt Co SSA - 756 m2/g SPV - -0.822 cm3/g Pore diameter - 2.4nm 9 wt Co SSA - 735 m2/g SPV - 0.800 cm3/g Pore diameter - 2.4nm. 3 wt Co is an good catalyst for formaldehyde formation through dehydration from Methanol 9 wt Co serve as good catalyst for ethylene dehydrogenation of methanol M. S. Ghattas , Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 97 (2006) 107
28 Mesoporous Titano silicate (MTS) Silica source- Tetra ethyl ortho silicate Template- non ionic triblock co- polymer Pluronic (EO20-PO70-EO20) NH4Cl added to enhance the thermal stability Template removal by extraction with ethanol Calcination temp - 500 C Calcination temp. - 4h. MTS-9A- x A- for NH4Cl and x for amount of NH4Cl. MTS-9A exhibit hexagonal symmetry. MTS-9A SSA - 980 m2/g SPV - 1.20 cm3/g Pore diameter - 7.5 MTS-9A-0.6(40) SSA - 907 m2/g SPV - 1.12 cm3/g Pore diameter 7.9 nm MTS-9A-0.9 (39) SSA - 899 m2/g SPV- 1.01 cm3/g Pore diameter 7.3 nm MTS-9A-1.2(40) SSA - 853 m2/g SPV - 0.98 cm3/g Pore diameter - 7.1 nm MTS-9A show good catalytic activity on hydroxylation of phenol and 2,4,6, trimethylphenol. MTS 9A 0.6 show phenol conversion of 25.5 product selectivity of catechol 53 Hydroquinone 44.7 with Turn Over Frequency of 7 h-1 Meng et al , Journal of Catalysis 244 (2006) 192
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