Materials carried by the glaciers are deposited in two main ways

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deposition
These slide-shows are all on the Prepwork folder
if you wish to copy any notes from them we will
not be stopping in class for you to do this
LANDFORMS OF GLACIAL DEPOSITION

• Materials carried by the glaciers are deposited
  in two main ways
• Glacial Deposits (unsorted) and
• Fluvio-glacial deposits (sorted)

In the booklet, read the section about this and
also the different types of moraine.
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deposition

• Moraine is the waste material worn away and
  collected by the ice.
• It is angular in shape.
• Glacial deposits are poorly sorted, ie all
  different sizes and rock types are mixed
  together.

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deposition
See the moraine on the glacier surface.
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deposition
TYPES OF MORAINE
Lateral moraine is found on the sides of the
glacier. Scree, from frost shattering, is an
important source.
Ground moraine is found at the base (bottom) of
the ice. It is also called till or boulder clay.
Englacial moraine is found inside the ice itself.
Medial moraine is found down the middle of the
glacial surface and occurs when the inner lateral
moraines of two glaciers join.
Terminal moraine is found in front of the snout
of the glacier if it is stationary. It represents
the maximum advance of the ice.
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deposition
17
There is a handout of this for your jotter!
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deposition
Terminal moraine
Snout of glacier
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deposition
Read the booklet- factzone 15 page 37 - and
answer these questions-
Q1.From which two places is terminal moraine
delivered to the snout? A. From the subglacial
moraine below the ice, bulldozed in front of the
ice, and from supraglacial moraine being
transported along the ice surface to the
snout. Q2. If, after retreating back up the
valley, a glacier starts back down for a short
time in a cold spell what is formed and why is
it small? A.This recessional moraine is like a
terminal, but has less material bulldozed in
front therefore it is smaller.
The next slides illustrate depositional features
described in your booklet. Read them carefully!
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deposition
Erratics are large rocks that are completely
different from the type of rocks on which they
rest
ERRATICS
They were carried by the ice-sheet, sometimes for
hundreds of kilometres and then deposited.
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deposition
Erratics like this are often found on the valley
floor.
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deposition
ESKER
Glacial streams are found under the ice.They are
loaded with debris (sand and gravel) carried by
the meltwater.As the ice retreats, the river
deposits its load. The built-up river bed is
called an Esker.
This river has all but dried up!
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deposition
An esker is a steep-sided, long, winding ridge,
made up of gravel and sand. Most are tree-covered.
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deposition
DRUMLIN
Side view
Drumlins are smooth, rounded mounds of ground
moraine. The steep (stoss) side faces the
direction the ice Moved from. Drumlins often
occur in swarms or groups on the valley floor.
Plan view
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deposition
Here is a drumlin outside Buchlyvie. Can you work
out the ice direction?
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deposition
Meltwater streams bringing outwash to be
distributed across an outwash plain. Note the
braiding of the stream channels.
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deposition
A KETTLEHOLE LAKE
Can you name the two Scottish examples we learned
about in S Grade?
LOCH MORLICH LAKE OF MENTEITH
depression filled with water to form kettle lake
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deposition
What is a kame terrace?
During the end stages of glaciation, a lake
gathers at each side of the ice, filling with
moraine.
GLACIER
Once the ice has melted, the debris has been
lowered to the valley floor and created a terrace
with a steep side and flattish top.
Kame terraces
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deposition
This slide shows a set of kame terraces.
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deposition
Identify the features shown on the diagram by
matching the numbers to the names given.
Esker / Terminal Moraine / Outwash Plain /
Drumlin / Till (Ground Moraine/Boulder Clay) /
Kettlehole lake / Outwash Sands and Gravels.
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deposition
As you go through your revision, for each feature
mentioned, look back through your textbooks and
this presentation. You are looking for named
examples of as many features as possible.
Remember that you will get marks in the exam and
NABs for showing the skill of quoting places as
examples from your notes!
END