THE URINARY SYSTEM

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THE URINARY SYSTEM

• Medical Terminology
• Chapter 9

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FUNCTIONS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

• Filter blood to remove urea and other waste
  material
• Maintain the proper balance of water, salts, and
  acids in body fluids
• Remove excess fluids from the body
• All of the above help to main homeostasis

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Structure of the Urinary System

• KIDNEYS
• URETERS
• BLADDER
• URETHRA
• MEATUS

Kidney
Kidney
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
URINARY SYSTEM
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THE KIDNEYS

• Found on either side of the spinal column
• Consists of two main areas
• Cortex
• Medulla
• The medulla and cortex contain nefrons

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NEFRONS

• Nefrons are the functional units of the kidneys
• Urine is formed by the processess of
• Filteration
• Reabsorption
• Secretion

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NEFRONS

• Segments of Nefrons
• Bowmans capsule
• Arterials
• Glomerulus
• Renal tubule
• Loop of Henle
• Collecting tubule

• Nefrons are the functional units of the kidneys
• Urine is formed by the processess of
• Filteration
• Reabsorption
• Secretion

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THE URETERS

• Extend from the Kidneys to the Bladder
• They are about 20 long
• They contain a muscular coat that contracts to
  move urine along its path

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THE BLADDER

• Located in the anterior portion of the pelvic
  cavity
• Lined with mucous membrane
• Has two sphincters to control the flow of urine
• When the bladder is full it can expand as high as
  the stomach

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THE URETHRA

• A passageway for urine
• Extends from the bladder to the urethral meatus
• About 8 long in the male and secretes urine and
  semen
• In the female the urethra secretes only urine

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URINE FORMATION

• Filtration--inside the nefrons blood goes in and
  begins this process which continues in the renal
  corpuscles
• Reabsorption--the process of moving the
  substances our of the remal tubules into the
  blood capillaries
• Secretion--the process by which urine remains
  from blood in the capillaries and is eliminated

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DIALYSIS

• The purpose of dialysis is to remove waste
  products from the blood of patients whose kidneys
  no longer function.
• There are two forms of Dialysis
• Hemodialysis
• Peritoneal dialysis
• Lets examine these

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2 Kinds of Dialysis

• Hemodialysis
• Uses an artificial kidney machine
• The kidney machine filters waste from the
  patients blood

• Peritoneal Dialysis
• Uses the process of fluid exchange
• The fluid exhange process also filters waste in
  the peritoneal cavity

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