Sustainable Energy Planning for Autonomous Power System of Crete

1
Sustainable Energy Planning for Autonomous
Power System of Crete

• BSEC - 2nd ISC Energy Climate Change 8-9 Oct 09

Dr Emmanuel Karapidakis Laboratory of Renewable
Energy Sources TEIC Greece
2
Electric Energy

• Generally electricity consumption is an indicator
  of the development level of each country or
  region
• Nowadays, a higher per capita consumption does
  not necessarily indicate a superior level of
  development
• Energy efficiency and energy saving are crucial
  factors
• A most accurate indicator is energy consumption
  per GDP

3
Power Systems Structure

• An electric power system is comprised of the
  following parts
• Consumers (customers), who require electricity
• Sources of the electric energy, electric power
  plants of various types and sizes
• Delivery system, by which the electric energy is
  moved from the generators to the consumers
  (electric loads).
• Electric Energy Storage Systems (optional)
• All the parts are electrically connected and
  operate in an electric balance.

4
Power Systems Requirements

• PS should meet the following basic requirements
• Power Balance
• Supply and meet any power demand (kW)
• Energy Balance
• Supply and meet required energy whenever needed
  (kWh)
• Power Quality
• Supply energy and power with specific
  characteristics
• 1. Voltage (volt)
• 2. Frequency (Hz)

5
Power Systems
Conventional Generation
Renewable Energy Sources
Power Balance Energy Balance Power Quality
Electric Loads
6
Power Systems Future Scenario
Renewable Energy Sources
Conventional Generation
Power Balance Energy Balance Power Quality
Electric Loads
7
Power System Types

• Two (2) main types of power systems
• Interconnected power systems
• There is a potential of import and/or export of
  power/energy through the connection (high voltage
  transmission lines)
• Autonomous or island systems
• Both energy and power should be balanced by
  their own sources and infrastructures

8
Power System of Crete
Grete is the largest Greek island with
approximately 8,500 km2 and one of the largest in
Mediterranean region. Its population is more
than 600,000 inhabitants that almost triple in
summer period A representative autonomous power
system (medium size) with annual energy
consumption for 2008 more than 3TWh.
9
Current Conditions Future Prospects

• Autonomous Power System of Crete

10
Power System of Crete Island
Three (3) Thermal Power Plants 740MW Thirty
(30) Wind Parks 160MW
11
Conv.Capacity Load Duration Curve
12
Load Energy Consumption Evolution
13
Monthly variation of min and max Load
14
Cretes 24-hours load demand variation
15
Installed About to be Installed shortly
16
Geographical allocation of Wind parks
17
Wind Power Penetration (year 2008)
29/07/2008 Annual Highest 2.64GWh ES 24 WPP
from 19 to 36
18
Wind Power Penetration (year 2008)
25/10/2008 Annual Highest ES 32.6 2.36GWh
WPP from 29 to 38
19
Wind Power Penetration (year 2008)
Hourly Average Wind Power Generation in a 24
hours base for 2008
20
Wind Power Penetration (year 2008)
Combination of highest wind power with lowest
load in a 24 hours for 2008
21
Load demand evolution estimations
22
Estimated Wind PV capacity till 2012
23
Geographical dispersal of PV plants
24
Energy Planning till 2020

• Autonomous Power System of Crete

25
Installed Capacity Evolution
26
1st Scenario Annual Generation
27
1st Scenario Annual CO2 Emissions
28
2nd Scenario Annual Generation
29
2nd Scenario Annual CO2 Emissions
30
Sensitivity Analysis
Effect of different annual growth energy
consumption rates in CO2 eq. emissions at year
2020
31
Conclusions

• Energy Planning till 2020

32
Assumptions
The utilization of other renewable energy
technologies and sources except wind turbines and
photovoltaics didnt considered. Therefore only
to the wind parks and PV power plants evolution
with or without the parallel construction of pump
storage systems have been investigates.
Finally, this study didnt examine the
possibility of Cretan power system
interconnection with the continental power system
of Greece.
Dr Emmanuel Karapidakis Laboratory of Renewable
Energy Sources TEIC Greece
33
Conclusions I
The obtained results showed that in the first
considered scenario and in case of higher load
demand annually increment, the improvement by
renewable energy sources cannot overcome the
presumed annual energy demand, resulting almost
constant CO2 eq. emissions for the whole examined
period. On the other hand, in the second
considered scenario, the high penetration of
renewable energy technologies overcomes the
increase in annual energy demand, so the final
CO2 eq. emissions almost 40 lower, compared to
the first scenario.
Dr Emmanuel Karapidakis Laboratory of Renewable
Energy Sources TEIC Greece
34
Conclusions II
Comprehensive sustainable energy planning that
successfully combines - Grid enhancement and
LNG introduction, - Advance control and
intelligent operation, - Wind and solar
further exploitation in collaboration with
energy storage systems, - Energy saving
policies, Could lead to a reliable and safe high
RES share implementation project.
Dr Emmanuel Karapidakis Laboratory of Renewable
Energy Sources TEIC Greece