Sustainable Energy for Europe - INFORSE-Europe Seminar, Brussels -

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Sustainable Energy for Europe - INFORSE-Europe
Seminar, Brussels -

• André Vieira Pinheiro Brüssel
• November 2002

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Introduction (I)About EREF

• A federation made up of national associations of
  renewable energy producers, belonging to 10
  different countries of the European Union, that
  have decided to unite their powers by creating a
  European network that defends and promotes
  green energy
• EREF unites the powers of thousands of European
  companies, who work in the field of energy
  production through the use of renewable energy
  sources such as small hydro, wind, tidal, wave,
  solar, geothermal and bioenergy
• Associations coming from the sector of
  non-biological waste generation are not included
  in EREF, and will not be invited to join.

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Introduction (II)What has EREF observed?

• That the emissions caused by carbon dioxide and
  other harmful gaseous substances impose a great
  risk on the climate and on the general welfare
• Conventional energy resources are at risk of
  being exhausted within a time period of only a
  few generations
• Nuclear energy presents inherent risks as much in
  regards to safety as to the unsolved problem of
  radioactive waste

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• The last couple of years renewable energy has
  experienced a considerable boom within those
  countries of the European Union that have
  implemented legal standards such as minimum
  pricing schemes, purchase obligation and priority
  access to the grid

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Introduction (III)What are our aims?

• Actively support the rapid and sustainable growth
  of the usage of renewable energy in Europe, with
  the hope to at least meet the fixed objective of
  the White Book of Renewable Energies
• Promote the expansion of legal mechanisms that
  work in favour of renewable energy into the
  European Union
• Support the establishment of a realistic and fair
  pricing scheme on the basis of the European
  internal market for energy respecting the
  principle of subsidiary of each member state

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• Ensure that transmission system operators grant
  priority access to the transmission of
  electricity from renewable energy sources under
  standard rules based on objective, transparent
  and non-discriminatory criteria

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European Climate Change Programme (ECCP)

• since 1991 several climate-related initiatives
  (e.g. RES-electricity, voluntary commitments by
  car makers to improve fuel economy, proposal for
  emission trading scheme etc.)
• Target to cut EU greenhouse gas emissions to 8
  below 1990 levels by 2008-2012
• June 2000 - launch of the ECCP

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ECCP - First Phase

• Focus on energy, transport and industry sectors
• Set up of working groups (summer 2000)
• Result ECCP - report june 2001, identifying 42
  possible measures, with emission reduction
  potential of about 664 - 765 MtCO2 equivalent
• Action Plan for the ECCP in form of a
  Communication from the Commission
• Proposal for ratification of the Kyoto Protocol
• Proposal for Emissions Trading

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ECCP - Second Phase

• Aims to facilitate and support the actual
  implementation of the priorities identified in
  the first phase
• Measures
• Proposal for EU framework for emissions trading
  (see above)
• Proposal for a Directive on the promotion of
  biofuels
• Proposal for a Directive to promote combined heat
  and power (CHP)

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Directive 2001/77/ECof 27 September on the
Promotion of Electricity Produced from Renewable
Energy Sources (RES-directive)

• Follow-up to the 1997 White Paper on RES
• Target of 12 of gross inland energy consumption
  from RES for the Community as a whole by 2010,
  with electricity representing 22, 1
• promotion of RES as an essential part of the
  package of measures needed to comply with the
  commitments made by the EU under the 1997 Kyoto
  Protocol

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Table Annex of the RES-directive 2001/77/EC
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RES-directiveWhere do we stand?

• Defintion of renewable energies
• (Article 2 lit. a RES-directive)
• National targets for renewables
• (Annex of the RES-directive)
• Support mechanism, e.g. Feed-in systems, Quota
  system, tendering system
• (Article 4 RES directive)

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RES-directiveWhat is the expected gap?

• Table

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Table Scenarios for the uptake of renewably
generated electricity
Sources calculations based on Ecofys
2002. Active Policy results implementing the
current policies. Continued Policy results
assuming that policies will be continued.
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RES-DirectiveWhat does work and what doesnt?

• Support mechanisms
• Feed-in systems
• Quota systems
• Adminstrative implementation
• Uncertainty about actual invetsment
• Voltaile revenues
• Adminstrative procedures (almost no
  fast-track-planning)
• Grid connection

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RES-directive - Technologies -

• White Paper targets for renewable technologies
  vs. current situation

Source Ecofys 2002 Active Policy results
implementing the current policies. Continued
Policy results assuming that policies will be
continued.
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RES-directive- Conclusions -

• Adopt national feed-in systems when implemeting
  the RES-directive
• Remove rigorously all adminstrative barriers for
  new renewable electricty generation
• Develop planning guidelines for siting of
  renewable energy projects
• Implement guarantee of origin for all electricty
  sources